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THE  BOVINE  PRESCRIBED 


. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2009  with  funding  from 

NCSU  Libraries 


http://www.archive.org/details/bovineprescriberOOgres 


BOVINE   PRESCRIBER 


FOR    THE    USE  OF 

t)eterinarg   Practitioners  anb  Stnbente 

BY 

JAMES  B.  and  ALBERT  GRESSWELL 

AUTHORS  OF  A   MANUAL  OF  THE    THEORY    AND  PRACTICE  OF   EQUINE 

medicine;  DISEASES  AND  DISORDERS  OF  THE  horsk;  THE 

EQUINE    HOSPITAL    PRESCRIBES,   ETC. 

THIRD  EDITION 

ENLARGED   AND  REVISED  BY 

GEORGE  GRESSWELL,  M.A.,  Oxon. 

L.R.C.P.  &  S.E.,  L.F.P.S.G. 

AUTHOR    OF  THE    VETERINARY  PH  ARMACOP02IA  ;    DISEASES    AND  DIS- 
ORDERS OF  THE  OX,    ETC. 


New  York 

WILLIAM   R.  JENKINS  CO. 

PUBLISHERS 

851-853  Sixth  Avenue 

(Cor.  48th  Street) 

1911 
\All  riyhts  roser 


PROFESSOR  W.  ROBERTSON,   F.R.C.V.S., 

PRINCIPAL   OF   THE    ROYAL    VETERINAK'i     I  01   i   EGE,     LONDON, 

THIS  CONTRIBUTION  TO  BOVINE  MEDICINE 
is 

\3cn>    ilcspectfulln    fnscribcb 

IN    GRATEFUL    RECOGNITION    OF    MANY    KINDNESSES   AND    IN 

ADMIRATION    OF   THE    PROMINENT    PART    PLAYED 

BY    HIM    IN    THE    ADVANCEMENT    OF 

VETERINARY    SCIENCE, 

BY 

THE  AUTHORS. 


PEEFACE  TO  THE  SECOND  EDITION. 


Considerable  enlargement,  as  well  as  some  alteration, 
make  this  production  almost  a  new  work.  An  effort  has 
been  made  to  apply  the  latest  results  of  scientific  research 
to  the  treatment  of  the  maladies  of  oxen.  If  the  immense 
importance  of  these  animals,  as  at  once  the  sources  of 
our  milk-supply,  and  of  much  of  the  meat  which  we 
consume,  be  considered,  it  will  be  obvious  how  very  im- 
portant a  knowledge  of  the  best  remedies  for  the  various 
diseases  to  which  they  are  liable  to  be  subjected  must  be. 
One  of  the  chief  points  of  peculiarity  in  regard  to  the 
action  of  medicines  on  Ruminants  (to  which  group  of 
animals,  as  everyone  knows,  the  ox  and  the  sheep  belong) 
arises  from  the  complexity  of  their  digestive  system. 
That  portion  of  the  alimentary  canal,  to  which  the  name 
of  stomach  is  given,  is  in  these  creatures  divided  into  no 
less  than  four  distinct  compartments,  called  respectively 
the  Rumen,  Reticulum,  Omasum,  Abomasum  or  Many- 
plies.  These  four  parts  are,  moreover,  extensively  lined 
with  a  cuticular  mucous  membrane,  and  the  first  three 
cavities  are  less  vascular  than  the  last,  and  they  have, 
in  fact,  rather  a  mechanical  than  a  digestive  function. 
Again,  the  first  and  the  last,  i.e.,  the  rumen  and  the 
manvplies,  are  never  empty,  but  always  contain  food— 


PREFACE  TO   THE   SECOND   EDITION. 


often  in  large  amount.  It  is  in  the  fourth  stomach  that 
true  digestion  takes  place.  Hence  it  comes  about  that 
cattle  require  large  doses  of  nearly  all  medicines.  For 
instance,  whereas  a  drachm  of  Epsom  salts  will  suffice 
for  a  man,  an  ox  will  require  about  sixteen  ounces,  i.e., 
128  times  as  much.  The  intestinal  tract  of  an  ox  is,  so 
to  speak,  protected  at  the  outset,  and  is  not  so  easily 
acted  upon,  as  is  that  of  other  animals,  and,  since  all 
medicines  given  by  the  mouth  pass  through  that  conduit 
to  some  extent  at  least,  the  same  result  follows  in  regard 
to  other  remedies  also. 

The  prescriptions  given  are  made  up — except  when 
otherwise  stated — for  adult  oxen.  Sheep  are  acted  upon 
in  a  very  similar  manner,  provided  that  about  one-fifth 
or  one-sixth  of  the  dose  be  given.  In  order  to  give 
medicine  to  a  sheep,  the  animal  should  be  backed  into  a 
corner  and  the  head  be  held  firmly  between  the  knees, 
whilst  the  medicine  is  carefully  administered.  Special 
care  is  necessary,  lest  they  choke,  and  this  caution  is  also 
applicable  in  the  case  of  oxen,  and  indeed  of  all  animals. 

Should  it  be  desired  to  prescribe  for  sheep,  some  hints 
may  be  gathered  from  this  book.  Although  the  formulas 
are  made  for  oxen,  it  is  to  be  remembered  that  an  adult 
sheep  will  generally  take  about  one-fifth  of  the  dose 
necessary  for  an  ox,  and  that  lambs  will,  of  course, 
require  very  much  less  than  this.  Judgment  is  requisite 
in  apportioning  the  quantities  of  medicines,  and  when 
one  is  in  doubt,  it  is  always  best  to  err  on  the  safe  side, 
and  be  content  with  giving  a  small  rather  than  a  large 
amount.  When  more  than  one  prescription  is  mentioned 
under  the  same  disease,  the  different  draughts  are  to  be 
considered  alternative,  and  the  reader  should,  after  careful 
perusal,  decide  which  mode  of  treatment  he  thinks  most 


PREFACE   TO   THE   SECOND    EDITION. 


suitable  in  any  given  case.  When  two  or  more  different 
remedies  are  required,  this  is  specially  stated.  This  little 
book  does  not  pretend  to  give  full  information  of  the 
various  diseases  and  disorders  to  which  cattle  are  liable. 
For  more  complete  knowledge  the  authors  would  respect- 
fully refer  the  reader  to  a  work  entitled  '  The  Diseases 
and  Disorders  of  the  Ox,'  by  George  Gresswell,  published 
by  Wm.  H.  Allen  and  Co. 

The  letters  '  V.P.'  refer  to  '  The  Veterinary  Pharma- 
copoeia '  (by  the  same  author,  and  published  by  Bailliere 
and  Co.).  This  is  of  some  importance  in  certain  cases. 
For  instance,  the  tincture  of  aconite  mentioned  in  that 
work  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  British  Pharmacopoeia, 
and  very  different  from  that  known  as  Fleming's  tincture, 
which,  being  about  five  times  as  strong,  must  therefore 
be  used  with  the  greatest  possible  caution.  It  is  always 
advisable,  especially  in  the  case  of  the  more  potent  drugs, 
to  use  the  milder  preparations. 

For  the  benefit  of  those  who  are  not  thoroughly  con- 
versant with  the  technical  names  of  preparations,  a 
Pharmacopoeia  (either  the  B.P.  or  the  V.P.)  should 
always  be  at  hand  whilst  one  is  mixing  medicines,  for 
the  sake  of  reference,  if  required.  Otherwise  very  serious 
mistakes  may  arise,  such  as,  for  example,  the  use  of 
chloroform,  instead  of  spirit  of  chloroform,  and  similar 
errors  of  a  disastrous  nature  may  assail  the  beginner, 
and  probably  lead  to  very  bad  results.  There  is  indeed 
no  science  which  requires  greater  judgment,  care,  and 
accuracy  than  that  of  prescribing  for  the  numerous 
maladies  to  which  animals  are  liable,  except,  indeed, 
that  of  human  medicine,  which  is,  of  course,  still  more 
difficult. 

To  lovers  of  strict  compatibility  in  prescriptions,  we 


PREFACE   TO   THE   SECOND   EDITION. 


would  beg  to  point  out  that  in  cases  where  the  absence 
of  this  characteristic  may  be  found,  the  want  of  this 
quality  is  no  bar  to  their  efficacy,  since  the  combinations 
formed  are  those  really  wished  for. 

Finally,  the  only  statement  remaining  is  that,  whilst 
thanking  our  reviewers  and  readers  for  past  favours,  we 
hope  to  meet  with  a  continuance  of  that  kind  considera- 
tion which  has  always  been  accorded  to  our  efforts  by 
the  press,  the  profession,  and  the  public. 

George  Gresswell. 


Kelsey  House,  Louth,  Lincolnshire, 
December  21,  1893. 


PREFACE  TO  THE  FIRST  EDITION 


It  is  sincerely  hoped  by  the  authors  that  '  The  Bovine 
Prescriber '  may  prove  no  less  useful  to  practitioners 
and  students  of  veterinary  medicine  than  '  The  Equine 
Hospital  Prescriber,'  a  work  recently  published  for  us  by 
Messrs.  Bailliere,  Tindall  and  Cox,  and  written  upon 
the  same  plan  as  this  our  latest  production  in  the  field 
of  Veterinary  Science.  We  may  even  be  excused  for 
supposing  that  it  will  be  received  with  still  greater  favour 
by  those  to  whom  it  appeals  for  support,  inasmuch  as 
the  need  for  careful  and  scientific  work  is  far  greater  in 
bovine  than  in  equine  practice.  Indeed,  it  is  scarcely 
too  much  to  say  that  the  science  of  therapeutics  as 
applicable  to  cattle  is  as  yet  in  its  infancy.  Many 
causes  conduce  to  this  backwardness  in  cattle  practice, 
the  chief  of  which  is,  perhaps,  the  smaller  value  of 
oxen  than  of  horses.  Yet,  as  time  goes  on,  our  methods 
of  prevention  and  cure  will  become  greater,  in  due  pro- 
portion to  the  advance  which  is  in  these  days  being 
made  so  rapidly  and  surely  in  all  departments  of  in- 
quiry, and  the  veterinary  surgeon  who  really  takes  in 
hand  to  learn  thoroughly  all  that  can  be  acquired  in  the 
field   of   bovine   medicine  and   surgery,   a   field   as    yet 


Xll  PREFACE    TO   THE   FIRST   EDITION. 

almost  untrodden  except  by  the  few,  may  feel  assured  of 
a  rich  reward. 

The  farmer,  too,  will  become  more  and  more  convinced 
as  years  go  on  that  many  cases  which  are  now  summarily 
consigned  into  the  butcher's  hands  would  be  more  profit- 
ably given  over  to  the  care  of  the  cultured  and  careful 
scientist,  who  will  be  able  to  tell  him  almost  at  a  glance 
what  are  the  relative  advantages  and  disadvantages  of 
treatment  as  opposed  to  slaughtering ;  and  when  he 
would  be  well  advised  to  avoid  the  risk  of  a  lingering 
illness  or  a  possible  fatal  termination,  whereby  the  loss 
would  be  made  twofold.  In  short,  the  two  classes  will 
find  their  mutual  benefits  enhanced  in  proportion  as 
bovine  medical  science  advances  in  accuracy  and  pre- 
cision. More  than  that,  the  great  work  of  Science  as  a 
whole  will  be  advanced  by  those  who  study  specially 
the  diseases  and  disorders  of  cattle,  and  the  means  by 
which  they  may  be  prevented  or  remedied.  It  is  not  too 
much  to  say  that  Bovine  Medicine  takes  a  rank  second 
to  no  other  veterinary  branch  in  regard  to  its  influence 
on  medicine  at  large.  If,  owing  to  a  long  experience 
of  nearly  fifty  years  of  ourselves  and  the  late  Mr.  D. 
Gresswell,  we  have  been  enabled  to  help  this  science 
onwards  in  any  degree,  we  shall  be  thankful. 

In  prescribing  aconite  we  have  discarded  the  use 
of  Fleming's  Tincture,  not  because  we  have  any  fault 
whatever  to  find  with  it,  but  because  mistakes  are  apt  to 
arise  from  want  of  uniformity.  We  have,  therefore, 
always  referred  in  this  work  to  the  Tincture  of  the 
British  Pharmacopoeia.  Also  in  the  case  of  acetate  of 
ammonium,  we  have  invariably  recommended  the  pre- 
paration known  in  the  B.P.  as  the  Liquor  Ammonii 
Acetatis.     If  the  stronger  solution,  which  is  five  times 


PREFACE    TO   THE    FIRST    EDITION.  Xlll 


as  strong,  is  used,  a  proportionately  small  dose  must  of 
course  be  given.  It  seems  preferable,  as  a  rule,  to  use 
the  more  highly  diluted  preparations. 

We  have  to  acknowledge  the  very  kind  help  and 
valuable  suggestions  of  Mr.  George  Gresswell,  author  of 
'  The  Veterinary  Pharmacopoeia,'  etc.,  who  has  revised 
and  corrected  the  whole  work  where  it  was  necessary, 
and  has  added  portions  here  and  there. 
ALBERT  GRESSWELL, 

Kelset  House,  Louth,  Lincolnshire. 
-TAMES  BRODIE  GRESSWELL, 

Veterinary  Institute,  Louth,  Lincolnshire. 

September  23,  1SS6. 


THE  BOVINE  PEESCEIBER. 


Abdomen,  Dropsy  of  the. 

(a)  Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 

(b)  Paracentesis  abdominis  in  suitable  cases. 

The  puncture  is  made  with  a  small  trocar  and  canula 
midway  between  the  umbilicus  and  the  symphysis  pubis. 
It  is  not  often  the  case  that  this  treatment  is  required. 

(c)  Salts  of  iron,  given  alternately  with  vegetable  tonics 

or  digitalis. 

Absorbent  Ointment  for  Drying  Cows'  Udders. 
White  lead,  two  and  a  half  pounds. 
Acetate  of  lead,  ten  ounces. 
Alum,  ten  ounces. 

Palm-oil,  seven  pounds  or  a  sufficient  quantity. 
Colour  with  rose-pink. 

Acarus  Scabiei  (causing  Mange). 

First  wash  the  skin  thoroughly  with  soft  soap  and 
warm  water.  Tar  or  infusions  of  stavesacre  or  of  tobacco 
may  be  used.  The  best  remedy  is  sulphur  ointment, 
made  as  follows : 

Sublimed  sulphur,  one  part\  w-.         ,, 
Benzoated  lard,  four  parts  / 
This  ointment  should  be  well  applied,  if  possible,  every 
other  day,  or  twice  or  thrice  weekly,  for  a  long  period, 

1 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 


over  the  whole  of  the  affected  parts  and  neighbouring 
regions.     Mange   cannot   be   cured   except   by  frequent 
applications  continued  over  a  long  space  of  time. 
Another  preparation  is  as  follows  : 
Sulphur,  one  ounce  (or  eight  parts). 
Oil  of  stavesacre,  one  fluid  drachm  (or  one  part). 
Lard,  two  ounces  (or  sixteen  parts). 
Another  is  as  follows  : 
Oil  of  tar  ^ 

Oil  of  turpentine  I  Equal  parts.     Mix  well. 
Linseed-oil  J 

Wash  the  skin  thoroughly  every  day  with  carbolic 
soap  and  warm  water,  and  then  rub  the  preparation  into 
the  skin  with  a  brush  (Dobson). 

Aconite  Poisoning. 

Spiritus  ammonias  aromaticus,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Brandy,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  gruel,  and  repeat  at  intervals  of  two 
hours,  or  more  frequently. 

Actinomycosis. 

This  disease  is  caused  by  a  fungus  of  the  genus 
Actinomyces,  and  it  has  been  found  in  man,  pig,  and  ox. 
The  tumours  are  generally  found  near  the  mucous  or 
cutaneous  surfaces,  and  especially  occur  in  the  bones  of 
the  jaw,  tongue,  pharynx,  larynx,  gullet,  teats,  lungs, 
skin,  soft  parts  of  face  and  neck,  and  in  the  tissue  round 
the  pharynx. 

(a)  Local  treatment : 

Mixture. 
Iodine,  one  part. 
Carbolic  acid,  four  fluid  parts. 
Glycerine  four  fluid  parts. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 


The  affected  part  (e.g.,  of  the  tongue)  may  be,  when 
advisable,  carefully  incised,  and  the  above  mixture  is 
then  to  be  applied  by  means  of  a  brush  to  the  sides  of 
the  hardened  tumours.  Sometimes,  instead  of  tumours, 
however,  cold  abscesses  may  form,  and  these  should, 
where  practicable,  be  first  thoroughly  opened  and  the 
pus  removed. 

In  the  place  of  the  above  mixture,  simple  tincture  of 
iodine  may  be  used,  or  it  may  be  diluted  with  an  equal 
portion  of  methylated  spirit. 

Gargle. 

Acid  solution  of  nitrate  of  mercury,  eight  minims. 

Water,  one  fluid  ounce. 
This  gargle  may  be  applied  to  the  diseased  tongue 
after  the  tumours  have  been  incised. 
(b)  Internal  treatment : 

Tonics  or  suitable  germicidal  agents. 

Adynamia  Nervosa  Generalis,  or  Pre-Parturient  Adynamia. 

This  name  is  given  to  that  nervous  debility  which 
affects  some  cows  at  the  latter  period  of  pregnancy 
There  is  loss  of  power  to  rise,  the  skin  is  cold,  the  pulse 
weak,  and  the  bowels  may  be  constipated.  It  may  be 
due  to  pressure  of  the  uterus  on  the  posterior  aorta, 
interfering  with  the  blood-supply  to  the  hind-legs. 

Draught. 
Solution-  of  hydrochlorate  of  strychnine,  two  fluid 

drachms. 
Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water  up  to  eight  fluid  ounces. 
This  draught  may  be  given  twice  daily.     The  treat- 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 


lent  should   begin   with   a   good   cathartic   dose   (vide 
Cathartics). 

After-Pains. 

These  pains  may,  if  severe,  indicate  the  retention  of 
foetal  membranes,  injury  of  the  uterus,  or  even  a  stoppage 
in  the  bowels.  If  they  are  due  to  retention,  ergot  should 
be  given  ;  if  to  slight  injury,  cleanliness  and  rest  will  be 
best  treatment,  coupled  with  the  draught  given  below  ; 
whilst  if  the  pains  are  caused  by  constipation,  a  cathartic 
should  be  administered. 

Draught. 
Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water  to  make  one  pint. 
Give  twice  daily  for  a  day  or  two,  as  may  be  necessary. 

Agalactia,  or  Non-Secretion  of  Milk. 

Draught. 

Powdered  aniseeds,  two  ounces. 

Powdered  gentian,  two  ounces. 
Mix  in  a  pint  of  warm  water  or  beer,  and  give  twice 
or  thrice  daily.  If  the  cow  be  healthy  in  other  respects, 
the  diet  should  be  full  and  nutritious.  However,  a 
cessation  of  the  secretion  is  frequently  one  of  the 
symptoms  of  some  general  disease  ;  whilst  if,  on  the 
other  hand,  the  mammary  gland  be  greatly  wasted, 
treatment  is  not  likely  to  be  of  much  value. 

Albuminuria. 

Draught. 

Sulphate  of  sodium,  sixteen  ounces. 
Powdered  caraway  seeds,  half  an  ounce. 
Give  the  above  in  a  pint  of  warm  water  or  gruel ;  and 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCR1BER. 


on  the  following  day  vegetable  tonics  should   be  com- 
menced, and  administered  twice  or  thrice  daily. 

Alopecia,  or  Falling-off  of  the  Hair. 

This  condition  may  sometimes  be  cured  by  cleanliness 
coupled  with  repeated  mild  stimulation,  such  as  by  tinc- 
ture of  cantharides,  and  attention  to  the  general  health, 
food-supply,  and  the  action  of  the  bowels  should  not  be 
overlooked.  Moreover,  there  may  be  some  primary 
cause,  which  should  be  discovered  and  attended  to.  For 
instance,  some  parasitic  or  other  kind  of  skin  disease 
may  be  at  the  root  of  the  mischief. 

Amaurosis  (Paralysis  of  the  Retina). 

This  condition  of  deficient  vision  is  not  frequent  in  the 
ox.  When  it  results  from  anaemia  or  general  debility, 
attention  should  be  given  to  the  food-supply,  and  any  of 
the  draughts  mentioned  under  Anaemia  may  be  tried. 

Anaemia. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Powdered  gentian,  an  ounce  and  a  half. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Granulated  sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Powdered  nux  vomica,  thirty  grains. 
Powdered  capsicum,  half  a  drachm. 
The  above  may  be  given  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm 
water,  gruel,  or  ale.    If  the  bowels  should  be  constipated, 
a  laxative  will  be  requisite. 

(ii.)  Powdered  gentian,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  half  an  ounce. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 

■ 


G  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Administer  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water,  gruel, 
or  ale. 

(iii.)  Solution  of   hydrochlorate   of   strychnine,  two 
fluid  drachms. 
Tincture  of  capsicum,  four  fluid  drachms. 
Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce. 
This  should  be  given  only  once  daily,  in  a  pint  of  warm 
water  or  gruel. 

Anaesthetics. 

(a)  General : 

Inhalation  of  chloroform. 
From  three  to  six  fluid    ounces,  or   even    more,  are 
generally  requisite  in  order  to  produce  total  anaesthesia 
in  cattle.     This  is  not  often  necessary  in  the  case  of 
oxen. 

(b)  Local : 

Application  of  hydrochlorate  of  cocaine, 
(i.)  In  the  case  of  an  operation  on  the  eye. 

Hydrochlorate  of  cocaine,  two  to  four  parts. 
Water,  one  hundred  fluid  parts, 
(ii.)  In  the  case  of  an  operation  on  any  part  other 
than  the  eye. 
Hydrochlorate  of  cocaine,  four  to  twenty  parts. 
Water,  one  hundred  fluid  parts. 

Angleherries. 

These  tumours  may  be  removed  by  means  of  the  clam 
and  actual  cautery.  The  clam  is  fixed  round  the  base  of 
the  tumour,  which  is  then  burnt  off  with  the  cautery. 
Any  bland  or  soothing  ointment  or  black-oil  is  useful  as 
an  after-dressing. 


THE   BOVINE   PKKSCRIBER. 


Anthrax. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  important  of  the  germ  diseases 
which  affect  cattle.  It  is  communicable  to  other  animals 
and  also  to  human  beings,  and  is  a  very  deadly  disorder ; 
it  is  due  to  the  presence  of  the  Bacillus  anthracis  in 
the  blood,  wherein  it  multiplies  rapidly,  and  may  cause 
death  in  a  few  hours  or  days.  These  bacilli  have  been 
found  in  the  soil  of  meadows  well  known  for  their 
liability  to  produce  this  malady.  They  are,  when  injected 
into  the  blood,  productive  of  the  disease.  As  a  rule,  they 
probably  enter  the  blood  through  slight  wounds  in  the 
mouth  produced  by  the  food. 

Draught  (antiseptic  and  antipyretic). 

Sulphite  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Salicylate  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 
Water,  q.s. 
Administer  every  four  hours. 

Draught  (antiseptic). 

Liquefied  carbolic  acid,  thirty  minims. 

Gentian,  two  ounces. 

Aniseeds,  two  ounces. 
This  draught  may  be  given  every  four  hours,  mixed  in 
a  pint  of  water. 

N.B. — It  is  to  be  observed,  however,  that  in  cases  of 
an  outbreak  of  this  disease,  the  only  admissible  course  to 
be  taken,  having  regard  to  the  immense  danger  of  a 
spread  not  only  to  other  animals,  but  even  to  mankind, 
is  that  the  animals  should  be  immediately  shot,  and 
buried,  with  antiseptic  precautions,  at  a  good  depth- 
Great  care,   too,  should  be   exercised   in  handling  the 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 


carcases,  and  it  should  be  remembered  that  the  blood  of 
such  animals  is  exceedingly  liable  to  convey  the  infection. 
There  would  be  great  danger  of  being  attacked  by  the 
disease  if  any  risk  be  run,  and  although  we  have  inserted 
two  draughts  above,  we  must  reiterate  that  in  all  cases 
of  undoubted  anthrax  no  treatment  should  on  any  account 
be  carried  out,  but  the  animals  should  be  at  once  shot  to 
obviate  a  spread  of  this  dreadful  malady. 

Antiseptics. 

(a)  Internal : 

Antiseptic  Powders. 

(i.)  Sulphur,  one  pound. 

Sulphite  of  sodium,  one  pound. 
Milk  of  sulphur,  one  pound. 
Fenugreek,  one  pound. 
Aniseeds,  one  pound. 
Two  tablespoonfuls   to  be  given   thrice   daily  in  the 
food  or  water. 

(ii.)  Sulphur  four  pounds. 

Sulphite  of  sodium,  four  pounds. 
Carbonate  of  sodium,  one  and  a  half  pounds. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  a  quarter  of  a  pound. 
Tonics,  three  pounds. 
One  tablespoonful  to  be  given  twice  or  thrice  daily  in 
the  food. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Sulphite  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Salicylate  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Water,  a  sufficient  quantity, 
(ii.)  Salicylate  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 
Brandy,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  a  sufficient  quantity. 


THE    BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 


(iii.)  Carbolic  acid,  thirty  minims. 
Brandy,  one  pint. 
May  be  given  twice  daily,  if  necessary 
(iv. )  Carbolic  acid,  thirty  minims. 
Glycerine,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Mucilage  of  acacia,  ten  fluid  ounces. 

(6)  Local : 

Lotions. 

(i.)  Carbolic  acid,  one  fluid  part. 
Glycerine,  one  fluid  part. 
Water,  twenty  to  thirty  fluid  parts, 
(ii.)  Boric  acid,  one  part. 

Hot  water,  twenty  fluid  parts, 
(iii.)  Perchloride  of  mercury,  one  part. 

Water,  from  five  hundred  to  eight  hundred  fluid 
parts. 
This  last  lotion  is  of  great  value  for  foul  sores  and 
ulcers.  It  is  also  destructive  of  lice,  and  of  the  scab 
acarus,  and  of  the  fungus  of  ringworm.  This  solution  is 
very  poisonous,  and  hence  great  care  is  necessary,  and  it 
should  not  be  left  about,  for  fear  of  mistakes  arising.  It 
should  be  labelled  '  Poison.' 

(iv.)  Sulphite  of  sodium,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Carbolic  acid,  one  fluid  drachm. 
Eectified  spirit,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water  to  make  one  pint. 

Ointments. 

(i.)  Boric  acid,  one  part. 
Vaseline,  three  parts. 
Lard,  three  parts. 


10  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBE!*. 

ii.)  Iodoform,  twenty  grains. 

Oil  of  eucalyptus,  twenty  minims. 
Carbolic  acid,  twenty  minims. 
Lard  or  vaseline,  one  ounce  and  a  half, 
(iii.)  Carbolic  acid,  one  part. 

Lard  or  vaseline,  thirty  parts. 

Antipyretics. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Salicylate  of  sodium,  four  drachms. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  thirty  minims. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
"Water,  twelve  ounces. 
This  draught  may   be   repeated   at   intervals  of   four 
hours  if  the  temperature  be  still  elevated, 
(ii.)  Salicylic  aci'd,  three  drachms. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  twelve  ounces. 
This  draught   may  be   repeated   at   intervals  of   four 
hours  if  necessary. 

Antispasmodics. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Oil  of  turpentine,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  to  make  one  pint. 
This  draught  may  be  given  in  half  a  pint  of  thin  gruel 
instead  of  the  water,  and  it  may  be  repeated  at  intervals 
of  three  or  four  hours,  if  the  pain  still  continues, 
(ii.)  Ether,  two  fluid  ounces. 

Spirit  of  chloroform,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Tincture  of  pimento,  two  fluid  ounces. 


THE    BOVINE   PRESCRIBES.  11 

Administer  in  a  pint  of  thin  gruel,  and  repeat  at 
intervals  of  three  or  four  hours,  if  need  be. 

N.B. — It  is  not  "wise  to  give  ether  to  cattle,  when  it 
may  ultimately  be  desired  to  use  the  meat  for  food. 

Aperients. 

(i.)  Sulphate  of  magnesium,  twelve  to  sixteen  ounces. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
This  mixture  may  be  given  in  a  pint  of  warm  water 
(best). 

(ii.)  Sulphate  of  sodium,  sixteen  ounces. 

Powdered  caraway  seeds,  half  an  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  water.     (Not  quite  so  reliable.) 

(iii.)  Castor  oil,  two  pints. 

Aphtha. 

(a)  Internal  treatment : 


Draughts. 

(i.)  Chlorate  of  potassium,  four  drachms. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
This  draught  may  be  given  three  or  four  times  daily. 
It  is  best  to  begin  treatment  with  a  good  dose  of  aperient 
medicine,  as  (i.)  under  Aperients. 

(ii.)  Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Diluted  hydrochloric  acid,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Glycerine,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  to  make  ten  fluid  ounces. 
Thrice  daily,  if  required. 


12  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

(b)  Local  treatment : 

Gargles  (all  of  which  may  be  used  several  times  daily), 
(i.)  Boric  acid,  one  part. 
Glycerine,  five  fluid  parts. 
Water,  eleven  fluid  parts, 
(ii.)  Acid  solution  of  nitrate  of  mercury,  eight  minims. 

Water,  one  pint, 
(iii.)  Permanganate  of  potassium,  eight  grains. 
Water,  one  pint. 

Aphtha  Epizootica. 

(a)  Internal  treatment  : 

Draughts. 
(i.)  Salicylate  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Twice  daily. 

(ii.)  Sulphite  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Water  to  make  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Twice  or  thrice  daily. 

Poioder. 
Sulphite  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Aniseeds,  one  ounce. 
Fenugreek,  one  ounce. 
This  powder  may  be  mixed  in  the  food  twice  or  thrice 
daily,  and  it  is  rather  preferable  to  the  administration  of 
draughts. 

(b)  Local  treatment : 

Gargles. — See  Apht 
Ointment. 
For  the  affected  feet  and  teats,  either  the  ointment  of 
boric  acid  or  that  of  carbolic  acid,  or,  better  still,  that 


THE    BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  13 

of  iodoform,  eucalyptus,  and  carbolic  acid,  may  be  used. 
Ointment  of  salicylic  acid  is  also  excellent,  but  some- 
times a  little  too  irritating  when  applied  to  very  tender 
parts. 

Aphtha  Epizobtica  affecting  Sucking  Calves. 

Draught. 

Sulphate  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 
Salicylic  acid,  two  drachms. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Give  one  tablespoonful  twice  or  thrice  daily. 

Apoplexy. 

In  cases  of  this  disease,  as  a  rule,  the  prognosis  is  so 
unfavourable  that  it  is  wisest  to  advise  slaughter.  If, 
however,  the  animal  be  seen  in  the  first  stage  of  dulness, 
and  treatment  be  decided  upon,  the  best  is  to  try  a  very 
strong  cathartic,  coupled  with  free  bleeding,  and  the 
application  of  a  powerful  embrocation  to  the  loins  and 
spine. 

Apoplexy,    Parturient    (Parturient   Apoplexy,    or    Milk- 
Fever). 

In  the  first  instance  it  is  best  to  administer  a  cathartic; 
for  example,  a 

Mixture. 

Sulphate  of  sodium,  sixteen  ounces. 

Solution  of  aloes,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Mix  in  a  pint  of  gruel,  and  give  whilst  warm.     This 

should  be  followed  by  the   administration  of  a  pint  of 

brandy  and  seven  pounds  of  treacle.     It  is  also   of  the 

highest  importance  that  the  urine  should  be  drawn  off 


14  THE   BOVINE   PRESCR1BER. 

with    a    catheter.      In   addition,    one   of   the  following 
should  be  given : 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Carbonate  of  ammonium,  one  drachm. 
Powdered  ergot,  one  ounce. 
This  draught  should  be  given,  together  with  six  fluid 
ounces  of  brandy  or  whisky,  in  a  pint  of  warm  water  every 
four  hours. 

(ii.)  Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  ounces. 
Gentian,  three  ounces. 
Ginger,  three  ounces. 
Aniseeds,  twelve  ounces. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  three  ounces. 
Mix  the  above  ingredients,  and  divide  into  six  drenches, 
and  give  one  every  three  hours  mixed  in  a  pint  of  warm 
gruel. 

(iii.)  Oil  of  turpentine,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Oil  of  lavender,  three  minims. 
Water  to  make  one  pint. 
Give  every  three  hours. 

Hypodermic  Injection. 

Injectio  ergotini  hypodermica  (B.P.),  fifty  to  sixty 
minims. 
The  above  hypodermic  injection  of  ergotin,  of  which 
the  dose  mentioned  is  equivalent  to  about  twenty-eight 
grains  of  ergotin,  may  be  employed  when  ergot  is  not 
given  with  the  stimulating  draught  above  prescribed.  It 
is  to  be  remembered  that  the  hypodermic  injection  of 
ergotin  is  the  most  rapid  and  effectual  method  of  intro- 
ducing ergot  into  the  system. 


THE   BOVINE    PRESCRIBER.  15 

Liniment. 

Liniment  of  ammonia,  one  fluid  part. 

Compound  liniment  of  camphor,  one  fluid  part. 
This  liniment  may  be  rubbed  on  the  spine  frequently  ; 
but  it  is  to  be  remembered  that  liniment  of  belladonna 
should  not  be  used,  because  of  its  absorbent  effect  on  the 
mammary  and  other  glands. 

Wet  Pack. 

The  wet  pack,  carefully  applied,  acts  as  an  efficient 
sudorific,  and  the  temperature  may  also  be  much  reduced 
by  this  agent.  It  is  a  very  valuable  adjunct  to  the 
internal  treatment,  and  should  not  be  omitted. 

Apoplexy,  Splenic  (Splenic  Apoplexy). 

This  disease  is  the  same  as  Anthrax.     See  page  7. 
Arsenical  Poisoning. 

When  acute,  the  condition  may  be  treated  as  follows  : 

Draught. 

Hydrated  sesquioxide  of  iron,  four  to  six  drachms. 

Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  repeated  at  intervals  of  three  or 
four  hours,  until  about  four  or  five  doses  have  been  taken. 
The  hydrated  sesquioxide  of  iron  must  be  used  freshly 
prepared. 

Arthritis. 

Salicylate  of  sodium,  or  acetate  of  ammonium,  or  both 
these  salts  in  suitable  doses,  and  in  conjunction  with 
bicarbonate  of  potassium,   may  be  tried.     Flannel  ban- 


16  THE   BOVINE   PEESCRIBER. 

dages  may  be  wrapped  round  the  swollen  joints.  Should 
the  swellings  become  chronic,  preparations  of  iodine  (the 
tincture  or  the  compound  ointment  of  iodine)  or  ointment 
of  cantharides  may  be  applied. 

Arthritis,  Scrofulous. 

Draught. 

Granulated  sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Phosphate  of  calcium,  four  drachms. 
This  remedy  may  be  given  in  a  pint  of  water  twice 
or  thrice  daily. 

Liniment. 

Oil  of  turpentine,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Strong  solution  of  ammonia,  three  fluid  ounces. 

Soft  soap,  four  ounces. 
Digest,  and  then  shake  at  intervals,  and  add  water  to 
make  two  quarts  of  liniment.     The  embrocation  may  be 
applied  to  the  affected  joints  once  or  twice  daily. 

Ascites,  or  Dropsy  of  the  Abdomen. 

This  is  a  condition  of  an  animal  in  which  fluid  is 
present  in  the  abdominal  cavity.  The  disease  is  the 
consequence  of  general  debility,  or  of  some  mechanical 
impediment  to  the  return  of  venous  blood  to  the  heart, 
caused,  perhaps,  by  diseases  of  that  organ  or  of  the  liver, 
or  by  the  pressure  of  a  tumour  upon  the  vena  porta. 
The  abdomen  is  distended,  and  if  one  hand  be  placed 
upon  the  body,  whilst  the  opposite  side  is  percussed,  a 
wave  of  fluid  may  be  detected. 

The  strength  should  be  maintained  with  stimulant 
tonics.     Salts  of  iron,  given  alternately  with  vegetable 


THE    BOVINE   PRESCRIBE!?.  17 

tonics  or  digitalis,  may  be  tried,  and  in  certain  cases 
paracentesis  abdominis  may  be  carried  out,  the  puncture 
being  made  with  a  small  trocar  and  canula  midway  be- 
tween the  umbilicus  and  the  symphysis  pubis. 

Astringents. — See  also  Diarrhoea. 

(a)  Internal  treatment : 

Mixtures  (for  adult  animals), 
(i.)  Pulv.  opii,  5ii. 
Pulv.  catechu,  5ii. 
Pulv.  galls,  5iii. 
Sulphate  of  iron,  ~,ii. 
Prepared  chalk,  gi. 
Ginger,  5  ss. 
Gentian,  gi. 
Add  sufficient  water,  mixed  with  four  ounces  of  starch 
dissolved  in  it  to  make  one  pint  in  all,  and  administer 
when  the  mixture  is  cool, 
(ii.)  Pulv.  opii,  5ii. 

Bismuthi  subnit.,  5iv. 
Powdered  starch,  §iv. 
Add  boiling  water  to  make  two  pints. 
Mixture  (for  calves). — See  'Calf  and  Foal  Cordial '  in 
'The  Equine  Prescriber.' 

(b)  External  treatment : 

Lotion. 
Sulphate  of  copper,  five  drachms  and  twenty  grains. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
This  lotion  may  be  applied  to  discharging  sores. 

Ointment. 
Oxide  of  zinc,  one  drachm. 
Lard,  one  ounce. 
Application  for  ulcers. 

2 


18  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 


Bezoars,  or  Calculi. 

These  may  be  present  in  the  abomasum  of  sheep.  In 
past  times  it  was  believed  that  they  were  produced  by 
magic,  and  persons  were  actually  sent  to  the  galleys 
because  they  were  supposed  to  be  at  the  root  of  the 
mischief.  They  were  also  supposed  to  possess  wonderful 
virtues  in  regard  to  the  cure  of  human  ills.  For  instance, 
they  were  thought  to  be  effective  against  the  poison 
of  the  viper  and  scorpion,  against  vertigo,  epilepsy, 
dysentery,  pneumonia,  malignant  fever,  the  plague,  and 
leprosy.  These  bezoars  may  be  found  in  every  species 
of  deer  and  antelope,  in  the  elephant,  rhinoceros,  and 
porcupine.  Some  from  the  elephant  and  porcupine  have 
been  sold  for  the  extravagant  sum  of  £800.  They  are 
not  very  harmful.  There  may  be  one,  or  as  many  even 
as  sixteen.  They  are  most  usually  found  in  September 
and  October,  this  being  the  time  of  moulting  in  the 
sheep.  The  skin  feeling  irritable,  the  sheep  lick  and 
gnaw  themselves  at  this  period,  and  thus  swallow  a 
great  deal  of  wool.  These  bezoars  are  never  discharged 
by  the  intestines.  They  will  burn,  and  are  soluble  in 
boiling  water. 

Bites  and  Stings  (of  Bees,  Wasps,  Scorpions,  etc.). 
Lotion. 

Carbolic  acid,  one  fluid  part. 

Glycerine,  one  fluid  part. 
This  lotion  may  be  used  as  it  is,  or  diluted  with  water, 
and  it  may  be  very  beneficial  in  causing  subsidence  of 
the  swelling  and  irritation  caused  by  the  wound.  Of 
course,  great  care  will  be  necessary  on  the  part  of  the 
attendant,  in  applying  the  above  strong  preparation,  not 
to  let  it  come  into  contact  with   his  own  flesh.     The 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  19 

liquefied  carbolic  acid  of  the  V.P.  may  be  used  in  its 
undiluted  form.  Likewise,  solution  of  ammonia,  and 
also  iodoform  in  powder,  or  a  very  strong  solution  of 
permanganate  of  potassium,  are  very  useful.  If  the 
animal  by  whom  the  bite  has  been  inflicted  be  really 
rabid,  strict  isolation  and  slaughter  of  both  animals 
ought  to  be  carried  out,  so  that  that  dreadful  disease, 
rabies,  may  not  be  propagated. 

Black  Hellebore,  Poisoning  by. 

The  black  hellebore  is  sometimes  used  as  a  counter- 
irritant  dressing  for  setons  inserted  in  the  dew-lap.  This 
practice  is  a  very  bad  one.  In  a  case  of  extreme  in- 
flammation set  up  by  this  means,  the  swelling  should  be 
fomented,  and  a  full  purgative  dose  given. 

Black  Leg,  or  Black  Quarter. 

This  is  a  germ-disease  of  an  anthracoid  character — i.e., 
allied  to  anthrax,  probably,  or  at  any  rate  of  like  type. 

Draught. 

Sulphite  of  sodium,  one  drachm. 
Salicylate  of  sodium,  one  drachm. 
Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  given  every  six  hours. 

Preventive  Treatment. 

Setoning  is  frequently  carried  out.  It  may  be  the 
case  that  the  germs  of  the  above  disease  gain  entrance 
into  the  system  by  the  medium  of  the  air,  so  that,  if 
this  explanation  be  correct,  setoning  is  in  reality  tanta- 
mount to  a  mild  or  attenuated  inoculation.  Possibly  it 
may  not  be  the  actual  virus  of  black  quarter  which  thus 
enters,  but  rather  some  germ  which  acts  as  a  protective 


20  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

agent,  just  as  vaccination  has  an  antagonistic  power 
against  small-pox.  The  setons  should  be  dressed  with 
black-oil. 

Bladder,  Inflammation  of  the  (Cystitis). 
Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  ounce. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 

Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  given  thrice  daily.     The  bowels 
must  also  be  attended  to,  and  fomentations  may  be  tried. 
Buchu  is  also  a  useful  remedy. 

Blain. — See  Glossanthrax. 
Bleeding,  or  Haemorrhage. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Diluted  hydrochloric  acid,  four  fluid  drachms. 
Glycerine,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
(ii.)  Powdered  ergot,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  galls,  two  ounces. 
These  two  powders  should  be  well  mixed,  and  then 
given  in  a  pint  of  warm  water.     The  dose  may  be  repeated 
at  intervals  if  necessary. 

(iii.)  Oil  of  turpentine,  one  fluid  ounce. 

Fluid  extract  of  ergot,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Linseed-oil,  four  and  a  half  fluid  ounces. 
This  draught  may  be  given  twice  daily,  and  afterwards 
followed  up  with  sulphate  of  iron  and  tonics.     The  value 
of  turpentine  and  ergot  in  cases  of  bleeding  has   been 
proved  by  much  experience. 


Tin:   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  21 


Bleeding,  Postpartum. 

(a)  Internal  treatment : 

Draught. 

Powdered  ergot,  one  to  two  ounces. 
This  powder  may  be  given  in  a  pint  of  warm  water, 
and  repeated  every  one  or  two  hours. 

Hypodermic  Injection. 

Injectio  ergotini  hypodermica,  one  fluid  drachm. 
This  may  be  injected  at  intervals  of  one  to  two  hours. 
(Gresswell's  V.P.,  p.  209.) 

(b)  Local  treatment : 

Application  of  cloths  soaked  either  in  very  hot  water 
or  in  cold  water  and  well  wrung  out.  These  should  be 
stuffed  in  as  a  plug.  On  the  whole,  we  prefer  that  the 
cloths  should  be  soaked  in  very  hot  water.  An  intra- 
uterine injection  of  hot  water  is  also  often  efficacious. 

Blisters. 

(i.)  Blistering  Liniment. 

Powdered  cantharides,  one  ounce. 
Olive-oil,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Digest  over  a  hot  bath. 

(ii.)  Absorbent  Blistering  Liniment. 

Iodine,  one  ounce  and  a  quarter. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  half  an  ounce. 
Camphor,  two  drachms. 
Methylated  spirit,  half  a  pint. 
This  liniment  is  to  be  applied  by  means  of  a  brush. 

(iii.)  Mustard  Liniment. 
Mustard,  four  ounces. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  five  fluid  ounces. 


22  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Digest  these  two  ingredients  together  for  ten  days, 
and  then  add  a  sufficient  quantity  of  linseed-oil. 

(iv.)  Blistering  Ointments. 

(1)  Bromide  of  mercury,  one  pound. 
Olive-oil,  one  pint. 

Mix  well,  and  add  seven  pounds  of  melted  lard. 

(2)  Lard,  four  pounds. 
Eesin,  four  pounds. 

Powdered  cantharides,  one  pound. 
Mix  thoroughly. 

(3)  Powdered  cantharides,  one  part. 
Venice  turpentine,  one  part. 
Eesin,  one  part. 

Palm-oil  or  lard,  four  parts. 
Mix  well. 

Blood-poisoning. 

All  decomposing  material  must  be  removed  from  the 
wound,  and  the  utmost  cleanliness  enjoined  and  prac- 
tised. Locally,  a  solution  of  permanganate  of  potassium 
of  about  five  grains  to  the  ounce  of  water  should  be 
applied ;  whilst  internally  one  should  give  salicylate  of 
sodium,  coupled  with  othsr  germicidal  agents,  such  as 
sulphite  of  sodium,  or  with  antifebrin,  if  the  tempera- 
ture be  much  elevated.  Stimulants,  such  as  brandy  or 
whisky,  should  also  be  given. 

Bloody  Flux,  or  Dysentery. 

This  is  a  disease  in  which  there  is  inflammation  of  the 
lining  membrane  of  the  bowels,  and  also  ulceration,  and 
it  may  follow  upon  chronic  diarrhoea.  It  may  also  arise 
from  coarse  provender,  especially  if  coupled  with  undue 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBE!*.  23 

exposure  to  cold ;  or  it  may  be,  perhaps,  the  result  of 
blood  diseases  or  poisonous  agents. 

Draught. 

Ipecacuanha,  half  an  ounce. 
Powdered  opium,  two  drachms. 
Chalk,  two  ounces. 
Powdered  galls,  two  ounces. 
This  mixture  may  be  given  in  a  pint  of  warm  water 
thrice  daily. 

Blown. — See  Tympanites. 

Bowels,  Inflammation  of  the. — See  Enteritis. 

If  the  patient  be  full-blooded,  bleeding  should  be  carried 
out,  and  repeated  in  six  hours'  time  if  requisite.  As  much 
as  a  gallon  of  blood  may  in  severe  cases  be  abstracted. 
The  belly  should  be  stimulated  by  the  application  of  rugs 
wrung  out  from  hot  water  and  sprinkled  with  strong 
liniment  or  with  turpentine.  Thin,  warm  gruel  contain- 
ing a  little  linseed-oil  may  be  given.  Careful  nursing  is 
necessary.  The  impacted  faeces  may  be  removed  from 
the  rectum  manually,  or  by  other  means,  and  anodyne 
and  mucilaginous  enemas  may  be  advantageous. 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  opium,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  forty  minims. 
This  draught  may  be  repeated  at  intervals  of  three  or 
four  hours. 

Brain,  Inflammation  of  the. 

In  severe  cases  the   best  course   will   be   immediate 


24  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

slaughter ;  but  if  it  be  decided  to  try  treatment,  first  give 
a  powerful  cathartic,  and  then — 

Draught. 

Hydrate  of  chloral,  three  drachms. 
Bromide  of  potassium,  three  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily. 

Blister, 

Ointment  of  cantharides.     See  Counter-irritants. 
This  ointment  is  to  be  applied  to  the  poll. 

Braxy. — See  Anthrax. 

Bronchitis. 

1.  Acute. 

(a)  In   early  stage  :    The   first   thing   to   give   is  a 

cathartic,  and  then — 

Draught. 

Extract  of  belladonna,  two  drachms. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily. 

(b)  In  later  stage  : 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 

Solution  of   hydrochlorate  of  strychnine,  two  fluid 

drachms. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  25 

Counter-irritants  or  blisters  may  be  applied  locally. 
See  Counter-irritants. 

2.  Chronic. 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 

Solution  of  hydrochlorate  of   strychnine,  two  fluid 

drachms. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Bronchitis,  Verminous  ;  or  Husk  or  Hoose. 

The  draughts  under  Anaemia  may  be  given.  The  cattle 
should  be  removed  to  fresh  pastures,  and  the  food  should 
be  good  and  plentiful.  Contaminated  fields  should  be 
avoided,  especially  about  July,  August,  and  September, 
in  which  months  the  disease  is  acquired ;  and  affected 
animals  should  be  separated  from  healthy  ones.  Rock- 
salt  should  be  provided. 

The  following  plan  may  be  tried  in  the  case  of  sheep  : 
A  small  shed  may  be  filled  with  the  fumes  arising  from 
burning  sulphur,  and  the  affected  sheep  made  to  pass 
through,  one  after  the  other.  Thus,  for  the  few  moments 
occupied  in  walking  in  and  out,  the  sheep  will  breathe 
this  potent  gas,  which  will  thus  come  into  contact  with 
the  worms  contained  in  the  bronchial  tubes.  They  must 
not  be  allowed  to  remain  in  for  longer  than  a  few  moments, 
lest  they  should  be  choked.  It  would  be  always  best  to 
try  how  the  plan  answers  with  about  half  a  dozen  sheep 
before  extending  it  to  the  whole  flock  or  herd.  If  it 
seems  to  have  been  productive  of  good  results,  the  treat- 
ment may  be  repeated  after  a  few  days. 


26  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Draught. 

Oil  of  turpentine,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Linseed-oil,  nine  fluid  ounces. 
Give  once  or  twice  daily. 

Intra-tracheal  Injection. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  two  fluid  drachms. 
Carbolic  acid,  twenty  minims. 
Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  drachm. 
Instead  of  the  tincture  of  opium,  half  a  drachm  of 
chloroform  may  be  used  {Penhale). 

Fumigations. 

1.  The  fumes  of  burning  sulphur  (dioxide  of  sulphur, 

or  anhydrous  sulphurous  acid). 

2.  The  fumes  of  burning  iodine. 

3.  Chlorine  gas,  generated  by  the  action  of  sulphuric 

acid  on   salt   mixed   with    a   little   manganese 
dioxide. 

4.  Nascent    hydrochloric    acid,    generated    by    the 

action  of  sulphuric  acid  on  salt  or  on  chloride 
of  calcium. 

5.  Carbolic  acid  in  the  form  of  vapour  or  spray. 

Broncho-Pneumonia,  Lobular  or  Catarrhal  Inflammation  of 
the  Lungs,  or  Capillary  Bronchitis. 

This  malady  results  from  an  extension  of  bronchitis 
into  the  pulmonary  vesicles,  and  a  serous  effusion  into 
the  interlobular  tissue  occurs,  so  that  the  lungs  in  an 
acute  case  have  a  sodden  look. 

(a)  In  early  stage  : 

Draught. 
Extract  of  belladonna,  two  drachms. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  27 

Solution    of     acetate    of     ammonium,     four    fluid 
ounces. 

Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily. 
(b)  In  later  stage  : 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 

Solution   of   hydrochlorate  of  strychnine,  two  fluid 

drachms. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Counter-irritants. 

Burns. 

Local  Application. 

Solution  of  lime,  one  fluid  part. 
Olive-oil,  one  fluid  part. 

Bursal  Enlargements. 

Ointment. 

Biniodide  of  mercury,  one  pound. 

Olive-oil,  one  pint. 

Mix  well,  and  add  seven  pounds  of  melted  lard. 

Cachexia  Ossifraga  Malacia,  or  Cripple. 

This  disease,  like  fragilitas  ossium,  depends  on  mal- 
nutrition of  the  bones.  It  may  be  due  to  a  diminution  of 
animal  constituents  or  to  an  excessive  earthy  deposit. 
It  is  enzootic  in  certain  districts,  and  affects  milch-cows 
more  particularly,  owing,  no  doubt,  to  the  excessive 
removal  of   phosphates   by   the   milk.     A  deficiency  of 


28  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

phosphates  in  the  soil  may  occasion  it,  and  this  state  of 
things  may  be  brought  about  by  overstocking  the  land. 

In  this  disease,  then,  the  obvious  indication  is  to  supply 
the  animal  with  good  and  nutritious  food,  and  to  give 
some  such  medicine  as  this  : 

Draught. 

Phosphate  of  lime,  four  drachms. 
Sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Powdered  gentian  or  calumba,  sufficient   to  make 
three  ounces. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  water  twice  daily. 

Carbuncle. 

Draught. 

Powdered  nux  vomica,  thirty  grains. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  two  drachms. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water,  gruel,  or 
beer. 

Local  Application. — See  Antiseptics. 

Carditis,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Muscular  Tissue  of  the 
Heart. 

This  affection  may  accompany  endocarditis  or  peri- 
carditis. The  muscular  substance  of  the  heart  may  also 
be  inflamed  in  the  neighbourhood  of  a  deposit  of  new 
tissue  or  a  seat  of  injury. 

Catarrh  (Flux  from  the  Nostrils). 

This  condition  is  due  to  congestion,  or  more  generally 
to  inflammation,  of  the  Schneiderian  membrane  of  the 
nostrils,  and  as  a  rule  the   mucous   membrane  of  the 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  29 

nasal  sinuses,  pharynx  and  larynx,  is  also  sooner  or  later 
involved.  It  is  more  frequent  in  young  beasts,  and  in  the 
spring,  and  sometimes  it  assumes  an  epizootic  form,  and 
may  then  be  called  influenza.  If  not  checked,  the  com- 
plaint may  lead  to  more  serious  complications,  or  rather 
extensions,  such  as  bronchitis,  broncho-pneumonia,  etc. 

Draught. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  or  thrice  daily. 

Catarrh,  Malignant. 

This  is  a  specific  febrile  disorder,  but  does  not  seem  to 
be  in  a  marked  degree  contagious.  The  visible  mucous 
membranes  are  purple  and  dry,  and  in  later  stages 
ulcerate.  The  eyelids  are  swollen,  there  is  a  painful 
cough,  and  profuse  discharge  from  nose,  eyes  and  mouth, 
which  afterwards  becomes  purulent.  There  is  extreme 
prostration,  and  the  animal  dies  asphyxiated,  if  a  fatal 
issue  supervenes. 

Draught. 
Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Salicine,  one  drachm. 
Simple  syrup,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily. 

Gargles. 
(i.)  Acid  solution  of  nitrate  of  rnercury,  thirty-six 
minims. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 


30  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

(ii.)  Permanganate  of  potassium,  twenty-four  grains. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 

Cathartics. 

In  all  animals  the  value  of  aperient  medicines  is  very 
great  indeed.  It  may  be  said  to  be  the  most  essential  of 
all  medicinal  measures  to  ensure  that  the  bowels  are 
open.  Especially  in  the  case  of  oxen  is  this  primary  fact 
never  to  be  lost  sight  of,  for  it  is  of  the  very  utmost  im- 
portance. In  the  case  of  all  inflammations,  except  that 
of  the  bowels  themselves,  a  full  cathartic  dose  should  be 
given. 

(a)  Mild  : 

(i.)  Sulphate  of  magnesium,  twelve  to  sixteen  ounces. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Give  mixed  in  a  pint  of  warm  water, 
(ii.)  Sulphate  of  sodium,  sixteen  ounces. 

Powdered  caraway  seeds,  half  an  ounce. 
Mix  with  a  pint  of  warm  water, 
(iii.)  Castor-oil,  two  pints. 

(b)  Strong  : 

(i.)  Sulphate  of  magnesium,  sixteen  ounces. 
Powdered  aloes,  eight  drachms. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Mix  and  give  with  a  pint  of  warm  water  or  gruel, 
(ii.)  Castor-oil,  two  pints. 

Croton-oil,  half  a  fluid  drachm, 
(iii.)  Gamboge,  half  an  ounce. 
Aloes,  half  an  ounce. 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Powdered  croton  bean,  one  drachm. 
Mix,  and  give  in  a  pint  of  warm  water. 

(c)  Very  strong  : 

Intravenous  injection  of  sulphate  of  eserine. 


THE  BOVINE   FRESORIBER.  31 

This  powerful  drag,  in  a  dose  of  from  one  grain  to  one 
grain  and  a  half,  dissolved  in  water,  may  be  injected 
intravenously  in  cases  of  very  protracted  constipation. 
It  is  necessary  to  employ  this  remedy,  only  in  extreme 
constipation,  with  the  utmost  caution,  and  if  the  animal 
should  die,  the  flesh  is  not  fit  for  human  food.  This, 
then,  is  of  itself  a  great  obstacle  to  its  use  in  cattle 
practice. 

Cattle  Plague. 

In  the  case  of  this  virulent  and  most  infectious  disease, 
which,  fortunately,  but  very  seldom  makes  its  appearance 
in  the  British  Islands,  owing  to  the  preventive  and 
precautionary  measures  adopted  by  the  Governments  of 
our  own  and  foreign  countries,  treatment  is  not  carried 
out.  As  in  the  case  of  epizootic  pleuro-pneumonia  and 
anthrax,  the  affected  animals  are  killed  and  buried  with 
rigid  antiseptic  precautions,  in  accordance  with  the  law. 
Should  this  dreadful  scourge  again  at  any  time  break 
out  in  England,  it  would  be  necessary  to  stamp  it  out  at 
once  with  a  firm  hand,  so  as  to  prevent  it  making  any 
headway. 

Charbon. — See  Anthrax. 

This  disease  should  also  be  stamped  out  at  once  by 
slaughter  of  all  affected  animals,  and  immediate  burial 
of  the  carcases  at  a  good  depth  and  with  rigid  antiseptic 
precautions. 

Chine-Felon,  or  Lumbago. 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  two  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Gentian  and  ginger,  one  ounce  of  each. 


32  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

These  drugs  may  be  mixed  with  a  pint  of  warm  water 
and  given  twice  daily. 

Liniment. 

Liniment  of  belladonna  ) 

n  j  r   •        j.f  •         equal  parts. 

Compound  liniment  of  ammonia   J      1        i 

This   liniment    is   to   be   well   rubbed   on   the   spine, 

especially  in  the  region  of  the  kidneys. 

Chronic  Tympanites. 

After  a  moderate  purgative  has  been  given,  vegetable 
tonics  should  be  administered  twice  daily,  e.g., 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  half  an  ounce. 
Gentian,  two  ounces. 
Nux  vomica,  one  drachm. 
Ginger,  one  ounce. 
These  drugs  may  be  given,  mixed  with  three  gills  of 
warm  water  or  ale,  twice  daily  for  several  days. 

Cleansing  Medicine. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Sulphate  of  magnesium,  sixteen  ounces. 
Powdered  ergot,  one  ounce. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  four  drachms. 
This   draught   may  be  given  in  two  pints   of  warm 
water,   and  repeated  on  the  following  day,   if  deemed 
necessary. 

(ii.)  Solution  of  ammonia,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Spirit  of  turpentine,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Solution  of  aloes,  to  make  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 


THE    BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  33 

Colchicum  Poisoning. 

Draught. 

Solution  of  ammonia,  two  fluid  ounces. 

Brandy  or  whisky,  four  fluid  ounces. 

Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  given  at  intervals  of  four  hours 
for  three  or  four  times  in  a  pint  of  gruel  or  mucilage  of 
linseed. 

Colic. 

(a)  Flatulent : 

A  cathartic  should  first  be  given,  and  this  should  be 
followed  by — 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Solution  of  ammonia,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  at  intervals  of  four  hours. 

(ii.)  Hyposulphite  of  sodium,  four  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  every  four  hours ;  but  with  the  first  dose  add 
sixteen  ounces  of  sulphate  of  magnesium. 

(b)  Simple: 

Draught. 

Oil  of  turpentine,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  ounce  and  a  half. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Give  every  three  or  four  hours. 

If  the  bowels  be  constipated,  treatment  should  be  com- 
menced with  a  cathartic  dose.  In  certain  cases  bicar- 
bonate of  potassium  is  a  useful  adjunct  to  the  above 
draught. 

3 


34  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRTBER. 

Collapse. 

Draught. 

Whisky,  six  fluid  ounces. 
Solution  of  ammonia,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  gruel  or  water. 

Condition  Powder. 

Fenugreek,  seven  parts. 
Aniseeds,  three  parts. 
Cumin-seeds,  three  parts. 
Ginger,  one  part. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  one  part. 
Milk  of  sulphur,  one  part. 
The  dose  of  this  mixture  is  from  two  to  four  ounces. 

Congestion  of  the  Kidneys. 

This  condition — precursory  to  nephritis  as  it  often  is 
— results  from  some  interference  with  the  action  of  the 
heart  or  the  pulmonary  circulation.  It  derives  impor- 
tance in  so  far  as  it  signifies  these  conditions ;  and  hence 
it  is  necessary  to  give  attention  to  it. 

Congestion  of  the  Liver. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Sulphate  of  sodium,  sixteen  ounces. 
Aloes,  four  drachms. 
This  draught  should  be  mixed  with  a  pint  of  warm 
water  and  given,  and  it  should  be  followed  by  the  ad- 
ministration twice  daily  of  the  following  : 

(ii.)  Chloride  of  ammonium,  four  drachms. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  two  fluid  ounces. 
This  draught  should  be  mixed  in  a  pint  of  thin  gruel, 
and  given  twice  daily. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  35 

Congestion  of  the  Lungs. 

This  condition  precedes  pneumonia,  and  is  but  seldom 
recognised  before  the  latter  disease  is  established. 

Conjunctivitis. 

Lotion  to  be  applied  to  parts  around  the  eye. 
Boric  acid,  three  grains. 
Tincture  of  opium,  ten  minims. 
Water,  one  fluid  ounce. 

Lotion  to  be  applied  to  the  eyeball  itself. 

Sulphate  of  atropine,  twelve  grains. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 

Constipation. — See  Cathartics. 

Cooling  Lotions. 

(i.)  Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead,  one  fluid  part. 

Tincture  of  arnica,  one  fluid  part. 

Water,  eight  fluid  parts, 
(ii.)  Chloride  of  ammonium,  two  ounces. 

Nitrate  of  potassium,  two  ounces. 

Water,  sixteen  fluid  ounces. 

Cornea,  Inflammation  of  the. 

Lotion. 

Sulphate  of  atropine,  twenty-four  grains. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 
A  few  drops  of  this  lotion  should  be  placed  in  the 
corner  of  the  eye. 

Cornea,  Opacity  of  the. 

This  condition  may  be  caused  by  pressure,  occasioned 


36  THE    BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

by  the  contents  of  the  globe  of  the  eye,  or  by  injuries, 
or  by  ophthalmia,  or  by  defective  nutrition.  A  nebula  is 
a  slight  bluish  imperfect  opacity ;  but  if  the  opacity  be 
more  perfect  and  defined,  it  is  termed  albugo.  These 
conditions  may  be  alleviated  by  means  of  the  application 
of  caustic  agents,  such  as  nitrate  of  silver  or  mitigated 
caustic. 

Cough. 

Draught. 

Powdered  digitalis,  thirty  grains. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Extract  of  belladonna,  two  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Counter-irritants . 

These  are  very  useful  to  arrest  or  allay  the  process  of 
inflammation,  and  the  stronger  kinds  may  in  some  degree 
even  cause  absorption  of  the  products  of  previous  in- 
flammatory processes. 

White  Liniments. 
(i.)  Oil  of  turpentine,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Strong  solution  of  ammonia,  three  fluid  ounces. 
Soft  soap,  four  ounces. 
Shake  these  well  together,  and  then  add,  shaking  at 
intervals,  water  to  make  two  quarts  of  liniment, 
(ii.)  Proof  spirit,  two  pints. 

Strong  solution  of  ammonia,  half  a  pint. 
Soft  soap,  four  ounces. 
Camphor,  one  ounce. 
The  spirit  will  help  one  to  powder  and  dissolve  the 
camphor. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  37 


Acftic  White  Liniment. 

Eggs,  four. 

icetic  acid,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  lead,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Oil  of  rosemary,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  to  make  two  quarts  in  all. 

Absorbent  Liniment. 

Acetic  white  liniment,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Solution  of  iodide  of  potassium,  two  fluid  ounces. 

Compound  Camphor  Liniment. 

Camphor,  five  ounces. 
Oil  of  lavender,  two  fluid  drachms. 
Strong  solution  of  ammonia,  ten  fluid  ounces. 
Methylated  spirit,  thirty  fluid  ounces. 
Dissolve  the  oil  and  the  camphor  in  the  spirit,  and 
then  add  the  ammonia  gradually. 

Mercurial  Liniment  (for  enlarged  glands). 

Ointment  of  mercury,  two  ounces. 
Camphor,  one  drachm. 
Oil  of  tar,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Linseed-oil,  four  fluid  ounces. 

Blistering  Liniment. 

Powdered  cantharides,  one  ounce. 
Olive-oil,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Digest  these  two  ingredients  over  a  hot  bath. 

Absorbent  Blistering  Liniment. 

Iodine,  one  ounce  and  two  drachms. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  four  drachms. 


38  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Camphor,  two  drachms. 
Methylated  spirit,  ten  fluid  ounces. 
Paint  the  part  with  this  liniment  by  means  of  a  brush. 

Mustard  Liniment. 

Mustard,  four  ounces. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  five  fluid  ounces. 
Digest   for   ten   days,   and   then  add  a  sufficiency  of 
linseed-oil. 

Blistering  Ointments. 

(i.)  Biniodide  of  mercury,  one  pound. 
Olive-oil,  one  pint. 
Mix  thoroughly,  and  then  add  seven  pounds  of  melted 
lard. 

(ii.)  Lard,  four  pounds. 
Eesin,  four  pounds. 
Powdered  cantharides,  one  pound, 
(iii.)  Powdered  cantharides,  one  pound. 
Venice  turpentine,  one  pound. 
Eesin,  one  pound. 
Palm  oil  or  lard,  four  pounds. 

Cow-pox. 

This  disease  generally  lasts  about  seventeen  and  a  half 
days,  but  it  may  be  protracted  for  about  five  weeks.  For 
vaccination  purposes  the  vaccine  is  generally  collected 
at  about  the  fifth  day  after  the  first  appearance  of  the 
pustule.  The  disease  is  not  dangerous  as  a  rule — at 
least,  in  Western  countries.  The  milk  should  not  be  used 
for  human  food,  so  long  as  the  cow  is  suffering  from  the 
malady.  Perfect  cleanliness  in  all  points,  care  in  milk- 
ing, and  suitable  treatment  of  any  local  affection,  must 
be  well  seen  to. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBE!*.  39 


Cripple,  or  Fragility  of  the  Bones. 

This  is  a  condition  of  bones  in  which  they  are  liable 
to  break  easily,  and  it  results  from  a  diminution  of 
animal  constituents,  or  from  an  excess  of  the  earthy 
material,  which  last  in  either  case  preponderates  so 
much  as  to  render  the  bones  brittle.  The  disease  is  due 
to  atrophy  of  the  osseous  substance,  the  animal  con- 
stituents being,  relatively  to  the  inorganic  constituents, 
very  largely  increased.  The  disorder  affects  oxen,  and 
especially  milch-cows,  in  certain  localities. 

Treatment. — The  animal  should  be  removed  to  a 
different  soil,  and  water  should  be  used  which  contains 
earthy  salts  in  fair  quantity.  Good  nutritious  food  is 
essential,  and  that  containing  phosphates  is  especially 
valuable.  The  salts  of  iron  are  valuable  as  tonics.  The 
sulphate  or  carbonate  of  iron  is  useful,  but  the  citrate  of 
iron  and  ammonium  is  even  better.  The  latter  may  be 
given  in  two-drachm  doses  twice  daily.  Vegetable  tonics 
and  the  phosphate  of  calcium  are  also  valuable.  Soft 
water  seems  bad  for  cows,  especially  milch-cows. 

Cyanosis,  or  Blue  Disease. 

This  malady  is  due  to  imperfect  closure  of  the  foramen 
ovale.  Moderate  exertion  may  cause  death,  and  animals 
affected  with  the  disease  generally  die  young,  or  are  killed. 

Cystitis,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Bladder. 

The  urine  should  be  drawn  off  with  a  catheter,  and 
the  warm  sedative  solutions,  such  as  infusion  of  poppies, 
may  be  injected  into  the  bladder.  Treatment  should  be 
carried  out  with  very  great  discretion,  and  should  vary, 
according  as  the  inflammation  be  acute  or  chronic,  and 
as  the  animal  be  a  male  or  a  female.    Warm  or  hot  water 


40  THE  BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

should  be  applied  to  the  abdomen.     A  great  quantity  of 
simple  watery  gruel  should  be  given,  and  nothing  else. 

Delayed  Parturition. 

Draught. 

Ergot,  one  ounce  (or  one  fluid  ounce  of   the  liquid 

extract  of  ergot). 
Tonics,  q.s. 
Administer  in  a  quart  of  warm  beer. 

Delirium. 

It  is  often  the  best  course,  in  order  to  ensure  the 
safety  of  human  beings,  to  summarily  shoot  an  ox  suffer- 
ing from  delirium,  before  serious  damage  be  done. 

Depraved  Appetite. 

This  condition  may  result  from  chronic  indigestion, 
and  therefore  needs  the  same  treatment. 

Derbyshire  Neck  or  G-oitre. 

This  disease  consists  of  an  enlargement  of  the  thyroid 
gland,  and  the  tendency  to  overgrowth  of  this  structure 
may  be  inherited.  The  treatment  consists  in  taking  the 
animals  from  the  district  in  which  they  have  contracted 
the  disease,  or  by  supplying  rain-water,  or  water  acted 
upon  by  carbonate  of  sodium,  which  precipitates  the 
magnesium  salt.  The  malady  attacks  both  men  and 
animals  in  districts  where  the  water-supply  is  obtained 
from  the  magnesian  limestone. 

Diabetes  Mellitus. 

The  food  should  be  altered.  Give  sixteen  ounces  of 
Glauber's  salts  dissolved  in  three  gills  of  warm  water, 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  41 

and  take  care   that  the  bowels   continue   fairly  active. 
Codeia  or  morphia  is  most  efficacious  in  this  disease. 

Diabetes  Insipidus. 

The  same  draughts  should  be  given  as  those  which  are 
prescribed  for  anaemia.  However,  it  is  to  be  remem- 
bered that  this  disease  is  not  often  met  with  in  the 
bovine  species.  The  diet  should  be  nutritious,  and 
liberal  in  amount,  and  in  the  first  instance  laxatives 
should  be  administered. 

Diaphoretics. 

Draught. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 

Camphor,  two  drachms. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  gruel. 

Wet  Pack. 
This  is  a  very  efficient  sudorific  agent. 

Diarrhoea, 
(a)  In  adult  cattle  : 

Draughts. 
(i.)  Powdered  opium,  two  drachms. 
Catechu,  two  drachms. 
Galls,  two  drachms. 
Prepared  chalk,  one  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  water  twice  daily, 
(ii.)  Catechu,  two  drachms. 
Camphor,  two  drachms. 
Powdered  bael-fruit,  two  ounces. 
Powdered  opium,  two  drachms. 
Mucilage  of  starch,  one  pint. 
Give  twice  daily. 


42  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

(b)  In  calves : 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Pepsine,  twenty  grains. 

Diluted  hydrochloric  acid,  thirty  minims. 
Sulphate  of  cinchonine,  seven  and  a  half  grains. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  or  thrice  daily  in   water  or  mucilage  of 
starch. 

(ii.)  Diluted  sulphuric  acid,  thirty  minims. 
Tincture  of  catechu,  two  fluid  drachms. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  thirty  minims. 
Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  given  thrice  or  four  times  daily, 
in  water  or  mucilage  of  starch.     Salicylate  of  bismuth 
in  doses  of  two  drachms  is  an  excellent  remedy,  and  so 
is  also  salicylate  of  iron. 

Diphtheria. 

Very  careful  nursing  is  necessary,  and  liquid  food. 
The  air-passages  should  be  steamed  with  an  antiseptic 
inhalation,  made  by  adding  about  a  teaspoonful  of  oil  of 
eucalyptus  to  about  a  gallon  of  boiling  water.  A  free 
supply  of  water  with  chlorate  of  potassium  added  to  it 
(about  a  drachm  to  each  half-bucketful),  and  a  plentiful 
supply  of  air,  should  also  be  available.  Salicylic  acid  is 
valuable,  and  the  dose  is  about  one  drachm.  Sulphite  of 
sodium  is  also  of  great  value  in  doses  of  one  drachm 
given  rather  frequently.  If  there  be  danger  of  suffoca- 
tion, tracheotomy  must  be  performed.  Vegetable  tonics, 
and,  according  to  some  persons,  coffee,  are  to  be  used. 
The  sloughs  in  the  mouth  should  be  removed,  and  the 
places  left  bare  should  be  acted  upon  with  the  tincture 
or  the   solution   of   perchloride  of  iron,    or  with  some 


THE   BOVINE    PRESCRIBER.  43 

caustic,  or  with  a  weak  solution  of  perchloride  of  mercury 
carefully  applied.     The  attendants  should  be  disinfected. 

Disinfectants. 

Those  most  usually  employed  are  carbolic  acid,  iodine, 
chloride  of  lime,  chlorine  gas,  and  sulphurous  anhydride. 
From  a  very  long  personal  experience,  we  can  recom- 
mend the  last  as  being  at  once  so  easy  to  use  and  so 
efficacious,  that  it  is  difficult  to  find  any  more  serviceable. 
All  that  is  necessary  is  to  leave  a  tray  containing  burn- 
ing coals  in  the  room,  and  place  sulphur  on  the  top. 
The  one  who  carries  this  out  should  take  care  not  to 
inhale  too  large  a  quantity  of  the  gas.  The  efficacy  of 
sulphur  dioxide  is  well  known  in  human  medicine,  and 
we  would  especially  mention  swine  fever  of  pigs,  anthrax, 
small-pox,  scarlet-fever,  diphtheria,  and  tuberculosis  as 
being  maladies  in  which  its  good  effects  might  be  more 
extensively  used. 

Downfall  of  the  Udder. — See  Garget,  p.  52. 

Dropping  the  Cud,   or  Simple  Indigestion. — See  Indiges- 
tion, p.  61. 

Dropsy,  or  Ascites. — See  p.  16. 

Draught. 

Nitrate  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  four  drachms. 
Oil  of  juniper,  one  fluid  drachm. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
The  drenches  under  Anaemia  are  also  good. 


44  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Dysentery. 

Draught. 

Ipecacuanha,  three  drachms. 
Powdered  opium,  two  drachms. 
Chalk,  two  ounces. 
Galls,  two  ounces. 
Mix  well,  and  give  with  a  pint  of  warm  water  or  gruel 
thrice  daily. 

Dysuria. 

Draught. 

Nitrate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Ecbolics. 

(i.)  Powdered  ergot,  one  ounce. 
Give  in  warm  water. 

(ii.)  Tincture  of  ergot,  one  fluid  ounce, 
(iii.)  Liquid  extract  of  ergot,  one  fluid  ounce. 

Eczema. 

A  number  of  vesicles  appear  on  the  skin  in  certain 
parts,  and  the  hair  is  denuded.  Laxative  medicine 
should  be  employed,  and  the  parts  may  be  dressed  with 
suitable  preparations  containing  lead  and  morphia.  Good 
food  should  be  given,  and  strict  cleanliness  enjoined. 

Eczema  Contagiosa,  or  E.  Epizobtica. — See  Aphtha  Epi- 
zobtica,  p.  12. 

Ecthyma. 

This  disorder  of  the  skin  is  rare  among  cattle.  A 
number  of  large,  prominent,  and  isolated  pustules  appear. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBE!*.  45 

They  burst,  and  produce  a  dark  scab,  which,  on  being 
detached,  leaves  a  brown  stain.  They  frequently  occur 
on  the  udder.  The  treatment  should  be  similar  to  that 
employed  for  urticaria. 

Application. 

Ointment  of  boric  acid. 

Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  half  an  ounce. 
Bicarbonate  of  sodium,  half  an  ounce. 
Nitrate  of  potassium,  half  an  ounce. 
Water,  a  sufficient  quantity. 
This  draught  may  be  given  twice  daily. 

Emphysema. 

As  a  rule  oxen  suffering  from  emphysema  are  killed. 
If,  however,  the  animals  are  to  be  treated,  the  same 
remedies  may  be  given  as  those  mentioned  under 
Anaemia. — See  p.  5. 

Endocarditis,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Lining  Membrane  of 
the  Cavities  of  the  Heart. 
It  occurs  principally  as  a  complication  of  rheumatic 
disease,  and  requires  very  careful  treatment.  Large 
growths  may  be  formed,  and  sudden  death  occur.  The 
best  plan  is  to  make  the  animal  ready  for  slaughter. 

Endocarditis  of  Chronic  Bright's  Disease  is  attributable  to 
the  extra  blood-pressure. 

Enteritis. 

Blood  should  be  removed  at  once  if  the  animal  be  full- 
blooded,  and,  if  necessary,  in  six  hours' time  the  bleeding 
should  be  repeated.     Even  as  much  as  a  gallon  of  blood 


46  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 


has  been  abstracted  in  some  cases.  The  belly  should 
be  stimulated  by  rugs  wrung  out  from  hot  water, 
renewed  at  intervals,  and  by  liniments.  Great  benefit 
may  accrue  from  doses  of  thin,  warm  gruel,  containing  a 
little  linseed-oil.  Opium  is  most  useful  for  allaying  the 
pain ;  but  aconite  in  suitable  doses  is,  perhaps,  better,  if 
the  constipation  be  severe.  Cathartics,  if  given,  cause 
great  mischief.  Most  careful  nursing  is  necessary.  The 
impacted  faeces  may  be  abstracted  from  the  rectum 
mechanically,  by  the  hand  or  otherwise,  and  anodyne 
and  mucilaginous  enemas  may  be  very  serviceable.  The 
animal  may  be  allowed  to  assuage  its  thirst  from  a 
supply  of  nitrated  water  placed  by  its  side. — See  p.  63. 

Epilepsy,  Megrims,  or  Staggers. 

An  ox  seized  with  an  epileptic  fit  is  said  to  bellow, 
froth  at  the  mouth,  and  pass  faeces  and  urine  involun- 
tarily. The  convulsive  movements  soon  cease,  the  animal 
rises,  and  soon  appears  healthy  again  Slaughter  seems 
the  best  course. 

Epistaxis. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  and  a  half 
fluid  ounces. 

Tincture  of  ergot,  one  fluid  ounce. 

Water,  a  sufficient  quantity, 
(ii.)  Sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 

Powdered  ergot,  one  ounce. 

Water,  a  sufficient  quantity. 

Epulis. 

A  tumour  weighing  about  one  and  a  half  ounces  was 
excised  by  Mr.  J.  B.  Gresswell  from  a  beast's  gum  on  the 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  47 

inside  of  the  mouth.  Tincture  of  myrrh  was  used  as  an 
after-dressing.  The  animal  was  a  feeding  bullock,  and 
the  tumour  had  caused  continual  slavering  and  interfered 
with  the  feeding.     There  was  no  return  of  the  tumour. 

Ergotized  Grasses  may  possibly  be  injurious. 

Errors  in  Diet  should  be  avoided. 

Erysipelas. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce 
and  a  half. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  every  four  hours  for  about  five  doses, 
(ii.)  Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  forty  minims. 
Chlorate  of  potassium,  three  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  given  at  intervals  of  six  hours. 

Erythema  Chronica. 

Treatment  should  be  begun  with  a  laxative,  followed 
by- 

Draught. 

Liquor  arsenicalis,  three  fluid  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Water,  a  pint. 
This  draught  may  be  given  twice  daily  after  food. 

Erythema  Mamillarum. 

The  calf  should  be  taken  away  from  the  mother,  and 
boric  acid  ointment  or  lotion  should  be  applied  locally. 
In  the  first  place  a  laxative  should  be  given.     When  the 


48  THE  BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

pain  and  the  inflammation  are  considerable,  apply  one 
of  the  subjoined  ointments. 

Ointments. 
(i.)  Extract  of  belladonna,  one  ounce. 
Boric  acid,  two  ounces. 
Carbolic  acid,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Benzoated  lard,  thirteen  ounces, 
(ii.)  Vaseline,  six  ounces    )  ™. 

Boric  acid,  one  ounce) 
(iii.)  Vaseline,  twenty-seven  ounces)  ■**. 
Salicylic  acid,  one  ounce  i 

Eye. 

(a)  Contractor  of  pupil  of  : 

Lotion, 
Sulphate  or  salicylate  of  eserine,  nine  grains. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 

(b)  Dilator  of  pupil  of : 

Lotion. 
Sulphate  of  atropine,  eighteen  grains. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 

Falling  of  the  Womb. 

Draught. 
Tincture  of  opium,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  given  once  or  twice.     The  womb 
itself  should  be  cleansed  with  antiseptic  lotion  and  re- 
placed before  the  medicine  is  given. 

Fatty  Tumours. 

These  are  generally  seen  near  the  shoulder,  and  often 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  49 

weigh  as  much  as  two  to  three  stones.  In  the  earlier 
stages  they  should  be  removed  with  the  knife ;  but  if  the 
size  be  very  large,  slaughter  may  be  best. 

Felon,  Chine-,  or  Lumbago. 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  two  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Ginger,  one  ounce. 
Mix  well  with  a  pint  of  warm  water,  and  give  the 
draught  twice  daily. 

Liniment. 

Liniment  of  aconite,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Compound  liniment  of  ammonia,  four  fluid  ounces. 

Fever,  Parturient. — See  Parturient  Septicemia. 

Filaria. 

The  eyes  of  cattle  are  occasionally  infested  with  the 
Filaria  lachrymalis  and  the  Filaria  papillosa,  which  last 
is  the  common  eye-worm  of  the  horse,  and  has  also  been 
found  in  the  ox  and  ass.  Only  two  cases  of  its  occurrence 
in  the  ox  have  been  recorded.  It  is  found  in  the  globe 
of  the  eye,  usually  in  a  cyst  within  the  cornea,  also  in 
the  peritoneal  and  thoracic  cavities,  in  the  diaphragm 
and  abdominal  muscles,  and  in  the  arachnoid  membrane 
of  the  brain. 

Flatulent  Colic. 

First  give  a  full  aperient,  then  cause  the  animal  to 
walk  a  little  up  and  down,  rubbing  the  right  side  in  the 
intervals  of  repose.  Enemas  should  be  given,  and  manual 
exploration  of  the  rectum  may  be  carried  out. 


50  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Draught. 

Solution  of  ammonia,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 

Foot-and-Mouth  Disease. — See  Aphtha  Epizobtica,  p.  12. 

Foreign  Bodies  in  the  Rumen,  Reticulum,  and  Abomasum. 
— See  Bezoars,  p.  18. 

Foul  in  the  Foot. 

All  the  diseased  horny  tissue  should  be  removed, 
especially  that  near  which  matter  has  formed.  The 
foot,  if  necessary,  should  first  be  poulticed,  in  order  to 
facilitate  the  removal  of  the  decayed  parts  by  loosening 
their  attachment.  Then  the  foot  should  be  thoroughly 
cleaned  with  the  aid  of  a  warm  and  strong  antiseptic 
lotion.  A  cathartic  should  be  given,  and  finally  the  foot 
should  be  dressed  with  one  of  the  following  prepara- 
tions : 

Ointments. 

(i.)  Carbolic  acid,  four  fluid  drachms. 

Lard,  four  ounces, 
(ii.)  Boric  acid,  one  ounce. 

Lard  or  vaseline,  seven  ounces. 

Poioder. 

Sulphate  of  copper  in  fine  powder,  one  ounce. 
Alum,  finely  powdered,  one  ounce. 

Local  Application. 

Nitrate  of  copper,  one  ounce. 
Stockholm  tar,  six  ounces. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  51 

Founder. 

This  disease  is  not  common  among  oxen.  It  is  best  to 
give  a  cathartic,  and  cooling  lotions  may  be  used  locally. 
If  there  be  any  sign  of  fever,  the  following  draught  may 
be  administered  thrice  daily  : 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  forty  minims. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s.  to  make  six  fluid  ounces. 

Fragilitas  Ossium. — See  p.  39. 

Keinove  the  animal  to  a  different  soil,  and  give  water 
which  contains  earthy  salts  in  fair  quantity.  Good 
nutritious  food  is  essential,  and  that  containing  phos- 
phates is  especially  valuable.  The  citrate  of  iron  and 
ammonium  may  be  given  in  two-drachm  doses  twice 
daily.  Vegetable  tonics  and  the  phosphate  of  calcium 
are  valuable.  Soft  water  is  bad  for  cows,  especially 
milch-cows. 

Furunculus,  or  Boil. 

Apply  poultices  or  fomentations  until  the  boil  breaks, 
and  then  treat  with  boric  acid  fomentation. 

Gadfly  of  the  Ox. — See  CEstrus  Bovis,  for  the  same  mix- 
tures will  protect  from  the  gadfly  as  those  which  do  so 
from  the  warble -fly. 

Gangrenous  Stomatitis. 

Draught. 

Liquefied  carbolic  acid,  ten  minims. 
Chlorate  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 
Give  four  times  daily. 


52  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Gargle. 

Tincture  of  iodine,  two  fluid  drachms. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Use  rather  often. 

The  ulcers  should  be  touched  with  nitrate  of  silver,  or 
should  be  painted  with  a  mixture  of  one  fluid  part  of 
acid  solution  of  nitrate  of  mercury  added  to  twenty-four 
fluid  parts  of  water.     Sanitation  should  be  looked  into. 

Garget. 

(a)  In  acute  stage  : 

Draughts. 
(i.)  Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.*),  forty  minims. 
Water,  q.s. 
This  draught  may  be  given  every  four  hours  for  a  day, 
and  then  thrice  daily,  so  long  as  the  temperature  be  high. 

(ii.)  Nitrate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (Gresswell's  V.P.),  forty 
minims. 
This  draught  may  be  given  every  four  hours  for  a  day, 
and  then  thrice  daily,  so  long  as  the  temperature  be  high. 
The  milk  should  be  removed  regularly,  and  linseed 
poultices  containing  three  drachms  of  extract  of  bella- 
donna may  be  applied. 

(b)  In  chronic  induration  : 
Inject  with  a  lotion  made  of : 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

*  N.B. — In  all  cases  where  tincture  of  aconite  is  mentioned  in  this 
book,  that  of  the  British  Pharmacopoeia  is  meant.  This  is  the  same  as 
that  of  Gresswell's  V.P. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  53 

In  later  stage  apply  acetic  liniment.  See  Counter- 
irritants,  p.  36. 

Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Gastro- enteritis  of  Calves. 

Alkalies  should  be  given.  If  profuse  diarrhoea  comes 
on,  stimulant  tonics  and  cordials  are  useful.  Diminish 
the  milk  allowed  per  day  by  one-half,  giving  linseed-gruel 
in  its  place. 

Glaucoma. 

In  the  earlier  stages  an  operation  may  be  performed. 

Glossanthrax. 

Treatment  is  of  but  little  use  in  this  disease,  and, 
indeed,  it  is  best  not  to  try  to  cure,  but  to  kill,  and  bury 
the  carcase. 

Draught. 

Salicylate  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 
Sulphite  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  four  times  daily. 

Gargle. 
Acid  solution  of  nitrate  of  mercury,  one  fluid  drachm. 
Water,  six  fluid  ounces. 

Glossitis. 

Commence  with  the  administration  of  sixteen  ounces 
of  sulphate  of  magnesium,  or  of  sulphate  of  sodium  and 
then  give  : 


54  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Draught. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 

This  draught  may  be  given  four  times  daily.  The 
animal  should  be  allowed  as  much  gruel  as  will  be  taken, 
and  if  the  power  of  swallowing  be  absent,  nutritive 
enemata  should  be  had  recourse  to.  In  the  later  stages, 
and  during  recovery  and  convalescence,  give  : 

Draught. 

Gentian,  one  ounce  and  a  half. 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water  or  gruel. 

Goitre. 

A  disease  which  occurs  where  the  water  is  obtained 
from  the  magnesian  limestone.  It  is  known  as  Derby- 
shire neck,  and  occurs  also  in  Switzerland  and  else- 
where, and  in  man,  sheep,  and  oxen.  The  thyroid  gland 
is  enlarged.  The  animals  should  be  taken  from  the 
district  where  they  have  contracted  the  disease,  and  rain- 
water, or  water  acted  upon  by  carbonate  of  sodium, 
which  precipitates  the  magnesium  salt,  should  be 
supplied. 

Gonorrhoea. 

Commence  treatment  with  a  cathartic,  then  give  one 
of  the  following  draughts,  and  also  use  the  injection. 
It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  this  disease  is  highly 
contagious,  and  in  cleaning  away  the  pus,  one  should  be 
careful  not  to  get  any  of  it  near  one's  eyes  or  elsewhere. 


THE   BOVINE   FRESCRIBER.  55 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Balsam  of  copaiva,  four  ounces. 
Castor-oil,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Give  twice  or  thrice  daily. 

(ii.)  Sandal-wood-oil,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Linseed-oil,  six  fluid  ounces. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Injections. 

(i.)  Sulpho-carbolate  of  zinc,  half  a  drachm. 

Water,  eight  fluid  ounces, 
(ii.)  Permanganate  of  potassium,  five  grains. 

Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Gutta  Serena,  or  Glass-eye. 

This  disease  may  be  the  result  of  an  injury  to,  or 
disease  of,  the  brain.  It  is  characterized  by  a  loss  of 
nerve-power,  the  retina  not  being  able  to  receive,  and  the 
optic  nerve  not  able  to  transmit,  the  impression  of  the 
image  of  an  object. 

Hair-balls. 

These  are  produced  by  the  cattle  licking  themselves  or 
one  another,  thus  swallowing,  perhaps,  a  great  deal  of 
hair.  Though  the  balls  are  of  rather  large  size,  they  are 
light  in  weight.  They  may  be  present  in  very  young 
animals,  and  may  even  be  found  in  the  abomasum,  or 
fourth  stomach. 

Hsematopinus  Vituli  (of  the  calf)  and  H.  eurysternus  (of 
cattle),  together  with  the  Trichodectes  scalaris,  are 
the  lice  of  the  ox. 

Hsematuria,  or  Blood  in  the  Water. — See  also  Red  water. 
Since  this  affection  is  the  result  of  different  conditions, 


56  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

being,  in  fact,  a  symptom  of  many  different  diseases,  the 
treatment  must  vary.  In  the  first  place,  a  laxative 
should  be  given,  e.g.,  sixteen  fluid  ounces  of  castor-oil  or 
sixteen  ounces  of  Epsom  salts. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

(ii.)  Acetate  of  lead,  one  drachm. 
Galls,  two  ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 

Give  twice  daily. — 

(iii.)  Extract  of  taraxacum,  four  ounces. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  three  drachms. 
Mix  in  a  pint  of  water,  and  give  twice  daily. 

Hemoglobinuria. 

Firstly,  administer  a  cathartic.     Nurse  carefully,  and 
change  the  diet  to  soft  food. 

Draught. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  three  drachms. 
Chlorate  of  potassium,  three  drachms. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 
Give  thrice  daily  in  a  pint  of  gruel. 
Thompson  (of  Aspatria)  has  found  that  a  top-dressing 
of  five  or  six  per  cent,  per  acre  of  rock  salt  is  an  effectual 
preventive  of  this  disorder.     Perhaps  the  salt  kills  the 
germs. 

Haemoptysis,  or  Bleeding  from  the  Lungs. 

This  may  be  due  to  acute  pulmonary  congestion  or  to 


BOVINE   PRESCRLBER. 


laceration  of  the  lung-tissue,  and  in  some  cases  to  disease 
of  the  heart.  By  far  the  most  frequent  cause,  however, 
is  tuberculosis.  In  the  case  of  cattle  it  is,  as  a  rule,  best 
to  slaughter  an  animal  afflicted  with  this  malady  before 
the  disease  has  had  time  to  progress  further. — See 
Bleeding,  p.  20. 

Haemorrhage. — See  Bleeding,  p.  20. 

Haemorrhoids,  or  Piles. 

Begin  with  a  cathartic,   and   repeat  it,   if   necessary. 
Then  give — 

Draught. 

Extract  of  taraxacum,  four  fluid  ounces. 

Chloride  of  ammonium,  one  ounce. 

Solution  of  aloes  (of  the  strength  of  one  drachm  to 

the  fluid  ounce),  six  fluid  ounces. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Give  once  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water. 

Local  Applications. 

(a)  Ointment  or  tincture  of  hamamelis. 
(6)  Alum,  four  drachms. 

Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Surgical  Measures. 
It  may  be  necessary  to  remove  the  tumours  with  the 
cautery  or  the  ecraseur. 

For  Bleeding  Piles. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Fluid  extract  of  ergot,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Linseed-oil,  four  and  a  half  fluid  ounces. 

Heart. — See  Carditis,  p.  28. 


58  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Heel,  Ulceration  of  the. 

Ointment. 

Sulphate  of  copper,  one  drachm. 
Lard  or  vaseline,  one  ounce. 
Apply  twice  daily ;  but  sometimes  it  is  best  to  remove 
the  granulations  by  cauterization. 

Hemiplegia  and  Paraplegia. 

(a)  Acute  : 

If  the  paralysis  be  due  to  a  tumour  or  a  fracture, 
slaughter  is  to  be  recommended.  If  it  be  due 
to  inflammation  of  the  spinal  cord  (myelitis), 
the  spine  may  be  blistered  with  ointment  of  red 
iodide  of  mercury,  and  tonics  given. 

(b)  Chronic : 

Draught. 

Solution  of  hydrochlorate  of  strychnine,  two  fluid 

drachms. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  four  fluid  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Hepatitis,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Liver,  and  Congestion 

of  that  Organ. 

The  diet  should  be  spare  and  laxative. 

Laxative  Draught. 

Sulphate  of  sodium,  sixteen  ounces. 

Caraway  seeds,  one  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  water,  and  if  necessary  repeat 
on  the  next  day.     Instead  of  this  draught,  one  drachm 
of  calomel  may  be  given,  and  followed  for  several  days 
by  half-drachm  doses. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  59 


Draught. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.).  fortY  minims. 
Chloride  of  ammonium,  six  drachms. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily,  and  when  the  febrile  symptoms  are 
gone,  leave  off  the  aconite. 

Herpes  Circinatus. 

Vesicles  not  unlike  those  of  eczema,  but  larger,  appear 
in  cases  of  this  complaint,  and  arrange  themselves  in  a 
gradually  widening  circle. 

Hide-bound. 

Begin  with  a  laxative.  Draughts  and  -powders  same  as 
those  given  under  Anaemia,  p.  5. 

Holz-zunge,  or  Actinomycosis,  to  which  refer,  p.  2. 

Hoven. — See  Tympanites. 

Hydrocele. 

Draught. 
Solution  of  hydrate  of  potassium,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  in  the  drinking-water  twice  daily. 

Local  Application. 
Tincture  of  iodine. 

Surgical  Measures. 
Hydrothorax.— See  Pleurisy,  later  stage. 


60  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Impaction  of  the  Rumen. 

Draught. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium,  sixteen  ounces. 

Aloes,  eight  drachms. 

Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 

Powdered  croton  bean,  one  drachm. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  water.  If  the  bowels  do  not 
act,  two  pints  of  castor-oil  may  be  given  on  the  next  day. 
If  no  movement  of  the  bowels  can  be  elicited  by  other 
means,  then  resource  may  finally  be  had  to  the  intra- 
venous injection  of  sulphate  of  eserine  (one  grain  in 
solution).     See  Cathartics,  p.  30. 

Imperforate  Anus  (in  Calves). 

The  best  plan  is  generally  to  divide  the  membrane  by 
means  of  two  crucial  incisions.  If,  however,  the  intestine 
ends  blindly,  an  attempt  may  be  made  to  reach  the  blind 
end  and  open  it,  and  then  to  sew  the  edges  of  the  opened 
end  to  the  edges  of  the  cutaneous  incision. 

Impetigo  Labialis. 

An  eruption  of  pustules  may  appear,  and  beneath  them 
there  is  a  severe  inflammation.  The  pasture  should  be 
changed,  and  a  suitable  ointment  applied.  A  cathartic 
medicine  may  be  useful. 

Incontinence  of  Urine. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Bicarbonate  of  sodium,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  nux  vomica,  thirty  grains. 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  61 

(ii.)  Solution  of   hydrochlorate   of   strychnine,  two 
fluid  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Indigestion. 

This  complaint  may  be  due  to  an  excess  of  acidity  in 
the  stomach,  or  it  may  be  occasioned  by  a  diminution  of 
acidity.  In  the  former  case  draught  i.  will  be  required, 
and  this  will  be  much  more  frequently  serviceable ;  and 
in  the  latter  case  draught  ii.,  which  will  be  but  seldom 
required.  Treatment  should  be  commenced  with  a 
cathartic,  and  this  is  to  be  followed  by  : 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Bicarbonate  of  sodium,  two  ounces. 

Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  ounce  (or  chloro- 

dyne,  six  fluid  drachms). 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Bromide  of  potassium,  three  drachms. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  water  twice  daily. 

(ii.)  Diluted  hydrochloric  acid,  two  fluid  drachms. 
Solution   of   hydrochlorate   of   strychnine,   one 

fluid  drachm. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Inertia  of  the  Uterus  (Delayed  Parturition). 

Draught. 

Powdered  ergot,  one  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  four  drachms. 


62  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBE!*. 

Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Give  in  a  quart  of  warm  beer. 

Infectious  Diseases,  Prevention  of  the. 

It  is  not  possible  to  absolutely  stamp  out  all  the  infec- 
tious diseases  of  animals,  but  it  is  nothing  less  than 
marvellous  how  much  has  been  effected  in  this  respect 
by  recent  research  and  the  thorough  carrying  out  of 
hygienic  measures.  Much  still  remains  to  be  done  ;  but, 
in  view  of  the  immense  strides  which  have  been  made  in 
the  last  century,  we  may  be  able  to  anticipate  a  far 
greater  degree  of  success  than  has  yet  been  achieved. 
The  infectious  diseases  of  animals  are  important,  not  only 
in  themselves,  but  also  because  some  at  least  of  them 
are  communicable  to  mankind.  The  germ  theory  has 
simplified  the  whole  aspect  of  medicine  and  surgery  so 
much  that,  by  the  help  of  the  many  clever  and  skilled 
workers  in  England  and  abroad,  we  may  hope  for  still 
more  startling  discoveries  in  the  near  future.  It  is  said 
that  '  Prevention  is  better  than  cure,'  and  it  is  unques- 
tionably true  that,  as  our  sanitary  measures  become 
more  and  more  perfect,  there  will  be  less  and  less  disease 
both  amongst  ourselves  and  the  animals  which  we  have 
domesticated. 

Inflammation  of  the  Bladder,  Bowels,  Brain,  Bronchi, 
Conjunctiva,  Cornea,  Heart,  Kidneys,  Liver,  Lungs, 
Udder. 

(a)  Bladder  (Cystitis)  (see  p.  39) : 

Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  ounce. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBE!*.  63 

Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  forty  minims. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily. 

(b)  Bowels  (Enteritis)  (see  p.  45) : 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  opium,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  forty  minims. 
Repeat  at  intervals  of  three  or  four  hours,  if  necessary. 

(c)  Bronchi  (Bronchitis)  (see  p.  24) : 

Draught. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 
Solution  of  hydrochlorate  of  strychnine,   two  fluid 

drachms. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

(d)  Brain  (Encephalitis,  including  both  Meningitis  and 
Cerebritis). 

This  disease  is  less  frequent  than  formerly,  and 
this  greater  exemption  is  no  doubt  due  to  greater 
care  and  less  over- driving.  A  mad  cow  or  bull  is  a  very 
dangerous  animal,  and  therefore  it  will  often  be  best  to 
shoot  the  creature.  If  treatment  be  decided  upon,  blood- 
letting should  first  be  carried  out,  and  a  strong  cathartic 
given,  preferably  croton-oil  (about  forty  minims,  or  even 
one  drachm),  on  account  of  the  small  bulk  required. 
Subcutaneous  injection  of  hydrocyanic  acid  may  also  be 
useful.  Slaughter  is  the  best  course  as  a  rule ;  but 
exceptional  cases  may  occur. 


64  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Draught. 
Hydrate  of  chloral,  three  drachms. 
Bromide  of  potassium,  three  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily. 

Blister. 
Ointment  of  catharides  may  be  applied  to  the  poll ; 
but  some  persons  might  prefer  an  ice-bag.     The  form  for 
the  ointment  is : 

Ointment. 
Powdered  catharides  \ 
Venice  turpentine        I  equal  parts. 
Eesin  j 

Palm-oil  or  lard,  four  parts. 

(e)  Conjunctiva  (Conjunctivitis) : 

Lotion  (to  parts  around  the  eye). 

Boric  acid,  twenty-five  grains. 

Tincture  of  opium,  one  fluid  drachm  and  a  half. 

Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Lotion  (to  the  eyeball  itself). 

Sulphate  of  atropine,  sixteen  grains. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

(/)  Cornea  (Corneitis) : 

A  few  drops  of  the  lotion  immediately  preceding  may 
be  placed  in  the  corner  of  the  eye. 

(g)  Kidneys  (Nephritis) : 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  forty  minims. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 

Water,  q.s. 


THE   BOVINE    PRESCRIBER.  65 

Give  thrice  daily.  A  cathartic  should  be  given,  and 
warm  enemas  may  be  useful.  Bleeding  is  sometimes 
beneficial,  when  the  animal  is  full-blooded.  A  sheep- 
skin or  some  warm  covering  should  be  placed  over  the 
loins. 

(h)  Liver  (Hepatitis). 

The  diet  should  be  laxative  and  spare.  Commence 
treatment  either  with  an  ordinary  cathartic,  such  as 
sixteen  ounces  of  Epsom  salts  coupled  with  half  an  ounce 
of  ginger  in  a  pint  of  warm  water,  and,  if  need  be, 
repeat  this  draught  on  the  following  day,  or  else  give 
one  drachm  of  calomel  and  then  a  half-drachm  of  the 
same  daily  for  several  days,  or  else  begin  with  the  Epsom 
salts,  and  then  go  on  with  half-drachni  doses  of  calomel. 
In  addition  to  this  give  the 

Draught. 
Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 
Chloride  of  ammonium,  six  drachms. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  this  draught  thrice  daily,  so  long  as  febrile  symp- 
toms continue  to  be  manifested ;    but  when  they  have 
disappeared,  omit  the  aconite  at  once.     Finally,  follow 
up  with  tonics,  for  which  see  Anaemia,  p.  5. 

(/)  Lungs  (Pneumonia)  (see  p.  72  and  85) : 
Draught. 
Tincture  of  aconite,  forty  minims. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  every  six  hours. 

5 


66  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Counter-irritants.  (See  that  heading,  p.  36.) 
These  should  be  at  once  and  thoroughly  applied  to  the 
outside  of  the  chest.  A  good  plan  is  to  apply  rugs  wrung 
out  from  very  hot  water  round  the  chest,  after  it  has 
been  first  well  rubbed  with  a  strong  embrocation.  These 
should  be  protected  by  an  oil-cloth  sheeting,  so  as  to 
keep  them  hot.  They  should  be  renewed,  when  getting 
rather  colder. 

(j)  Udder  (Mammitis)  (see  Garget,  p.  52)  : 

Draught. 

Nitrate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 
Give  every  four  hours  for  one  day,  and  then  thrice 
daily,  whilst  the  temperature  is  high.  The  milk  should 
be  drawn  off  regularly,  and  linseed  poultices  containing 
three  drachms  of  extract  of  belladonna  be  applied  to  the 
udder.  If  the  disease  has  become  chronic,  inject  with  a 
lotion  made  of  one  ounce  of  bicarbonate  of  potassium 
dissolved  in  eight  fluid  ounces  of  water,  and  in  a  later 
stage  apply  acetic  liniment  and  give — 

Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  two  and  a  half  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Injuries  and  Obstructions  in  the  Teats. 

There  may  be  tumours  or  lacteal  calculi,  or  warts  at 
the  end  of  a  teat.  These  may  be  removed  by  a  ligature 
of  fine  silk,  which  causes  the  warts  to  slough  off.     Sore 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  67 

or  chapped  teats  are  best   treated    with  ointment   of 
turpentine. 

Jaundice. 

Contrary  to  the  commonly-received  opinion,  jaundice 
is  not  a  disease,  but  merely  a  symptom  of  different  dis- 
orders which  interfere  with  the  due  action  of  the  liver,  or 
rather  with  the  bile-forming  function,  and  the  normal 
discharge  of  that  secretion  into  the  duodenum.  Hence 
the  treatment  of  this  condition  must  vary  with  the  causes. 
Of  course  the  food  must  be  carefully  regulated,  and 
should  be  restricted  in  amount,  of  a  laxative  and  easily 
digestible  nature.  In  the  first  place,  it  is  best  to  com- 
mence treatment  with  the  administration  of  a  cathartic. 

Draught. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium,  sixteen  ounces. 
Powdered  aloes,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Mix  well,  and  give  in  a  pint  of  warm  gruel. 
After  this  has  been  given,  and,  if  necessary,  repeated  in 
a  day  or  two,  some  would  recommend  the  administration 
of  half-drachm  daily  doses  of  calomel  for  a  few  days  ;  but 
perhaps  a  better  plan  is  to  give — 

Draught. 

Chloride  of  ammonium,  four  drachms. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Ginger,  four  drachms. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  water  twice  daily. 
In  cases  of  chronic  jaundice  due  to  torpidity  of  the 
liver  give : 


6S  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Draught. 
Diluted  nitro-hydrochloric  acid,  three  fluid  drachms. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Tincture  of  euonymin,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Kidneys,  Inflammation  of  the  (Nephritis). 
Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 

"Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily,  leaving  off  the  aconite,  so  soon  as  the 
fever  is  reduced.  At  the  outset  a  cathartic  should  be 
exhibited.  Warm  enemas  may  be  useful,  and  a  sheep- 
skin or  other  warm  covering  should  be  placed  over  the 
loins.  In  full-blooded  animals,  bleeding  is  advisable.  In 
certain  cases,  especially  if  the  disorder  be  supposed  to 
depend  on  some  germ-disease,  salicylate  of  sodium  is  an 
invaluable  adjunct  to  treatment. 

Laburnum  Poisoning. 

Draught. 
Sulphate  of  magnesium,  sixteen  ounces. 
Powdered  aloes,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  gruel. 

Laminitis. 

This  disease  is  not  very  frequently  met  with  in  cattle. 
If  a  case  occur,  give  a  cathartic,  order  the  animal  to  be 
rested,  and  to  have  cold-water  applications  to  the  feet. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  69 

Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 

Salicylate  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  two  drachms. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  gruel  twice  daily,  leaving  out  the 
aconite  after  the  first  day  or  two — i.e.,  when  the  fever  is 
abated. 

Laryngitis. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Tincture  of  belladonna,  six  fluid  drachms. 

Solution  of   acetate  of   ammonium,   four   fluid 

ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  thrice  daily. 

In  addition  to  this  draught,  inhalation  of  carbolized 
steam  (vapour  from  boiling  water  to  which  carbolic  acid 
and  oil  of  eucalyptus  have  been  added)  and  the  applica- 
tion of  a  strong  embrocation  to  the  throat  are  also 
necessary.  Nutrient  enemata  should  be  given  in  some 
cases  (but  very  seldom  is  this  requisite)  if  the  animal 
cannot  take  sufficient  food  by  the  mouth, 
(ii.)  Tonic  powder,  three  ounces. 

Iodide  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Iodine,  half  a  drachm. 
Give  this  in  a  pint  of  warm  ale  twice  daily. 

Liniments. 

Liniment  of  cantharides,  or  that  of  mustard,  or  that  of 
ammonia  should  be  applied  to  the  throat.  See  Counter- 
irritants,  p.  36. 


70  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Gargles. 

(i.)  Tincture  of  iodine,  one  ounce. 

Water,  one  pint, 
(ii.)  Iodine,  twenty  grains. 

Eectified  spirit,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Throw  some  of  this  solution  on  to  the  back  of  the 
tongue  by  means  of  a  tablespoon  (D.  G.). 

Lead  Poisoning. 

A  good  dose  of  Epsom  salts  (sixteen  ounces)  is  the 
best  remedy  to  start  with,  and  this  should  be  followed 
up  with — 

Draught. 

Tonic  powder,  three  ounces. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Iodine,  half  a  drachm. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  ale  twice  daily. 

Leucorrhcea. 

Commence  with  a  cathartic,  and  then  give — 

Draught. 

Gentian,  one  and  a  half  ounces. 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Granulated  sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Powdered  nux  vomica,  forty  grains. 
Powdered  capsicum,  half  a  drachm. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  ale  or  gruel. 

Injections. 

(i.)  Sulpho-carbolate  of  zinc,  forty  grains. 
Water,  one  pint. 


THE   BOVINE   PKESCRIBER.  71 

(ii.)  Permanganate  of  potassium,  forty  grains. 

Water,  one  pint, 
(iii.)  Alum,  ten  drachms. 

Decoction  of  oak  bark,  one  pint. 
Nitrate   of   silver   or   the   mitigated   caustic   may   be 
applied  to  any  ulcerated  patches  which  may  be  present. 

Lice  (Phtheiriasis). 

Ointment. 

White  precipitate  of  mercury,  one  part. 
Lard  or  vaseline,  twelve  parts. 

Lotions. 
(i.)  Stavesacre  seeds,  half  an  ounce. 

Soft  soap,  two  ounces. 
The  bruised  stavesacre  seeds  should  be  boiled  together 
with  the  soft  soap  in  a  pint  and  a  half  of  water,  until 
about  one  pint  only  is  left. 

(ii.)  Creasote,  three  fluid  drachms. 

Methylated  spirit,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Tobacco,  four  drachms. 
Hot  water,  one  pint, 
(iii.)  Liquor  carbonis  detergens,  two  fluid  ounces. 

Water,  eighteen  fluid  ounces, 
(iv.)  Solution  of  perchloride  of  mercury  in  the  propor- 
tion of  one  part  of  the  salt  to  about  from  500 
to  800  fluid  parts  of  water.  This  is  very 
poisonous  and  very  efficacious.  Great  care 
must  be  taken  with  this  preparation. 

Liniments. — See  Counter-irritants,  p.  36. 

Liver,   Inflammation   of    the. — See    Hepatitis,    and   also 
Inflammation,  p.  58  and  p.  65. 

Loodianah  Disease. — See  Anthrax,  p.  7. 


72  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Locked  Jaw  (Tetanus). 

Draught. 

Bromide  of  potassium,  four  drachms. 
Anise  fruit,  four  drachms. 
Give  in  warm  gruel  thrice  daily. 

Lung  Disease  (Epidemic). 

Occurring  in  calves  of  about  six  months  old. 

Draught. 

Iodine,  two  grains. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  four  grains. 
Sulphurous  acid,  twenty  minims. 
Sulphate  of  sodium,  one  ounce. 
Sugar,  one  ounce. 
Mix  and  add  six  fluid  ounces  of  water,  and  give  as  one 
dose. 

Lungs,  Inflammation  of  the. 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 
Extract  of  belladonna,  one  drachm. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Spirit  of  nitrous  ether,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  every  six  hours,  but  leave  out  the  aconite  after  a 
time. 

Counter-irritants.     (See  Counter-irritants,  p.  36.) 

A  great  deal  depends  upon  the  general  management. 
The  animal  requires  air,  but  there  should  be  no  draughts. 
Thorough  ventilation  may  be  effected  by  means  of  Tobin's 
tubes.     Hot  rugs  should  be  applied  to  the  chest. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  73 

Malignant  Catarrh,  or  Malignant  Catarrhal  Fever. 

Draught. 

Salicylic  acid,  three  drachms. 
Tincture  of  cinchona,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Whisky,  four  fluid  ounces. 

Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  gruel  at  intervals  of  five  hours. 
The  ulcerations,  which  appear  in  the  later  stage,  may  be 
touched  with — 

Local  application. 

Carbolic  acid,  one  ounce. 
Linseed-oil,  ten  fluid  ounces. 

The  animal  should  be  made  to  inhale  carbolized  and 
eucalyptus  steam.  The  diet  should  be  nutritious  and 
laxative,  and  during  convalescence  (if  the  animal  recover) 
tonics  will  be  required.     The  disease  is  generally  fatal. 

Malignant  Pustule. — See  Anthrax,  p.  7. 

Mammitis,  or  Garget,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Udder. — See 
Inflammation,  p.  52  and  p.  66. 

Mange.     See  p.  1. 

Ointment. 

Sulphur,  one  ounce. 
Oil  of  stavesacre,  one  fluid  drachm. 
Ammonio-chloride  of  mercury,  one  drachm. 
Lard  or  vaseline,  two  ounces. 

The  application  should  be  efficiently  used,  and  for  a 
sufficiently  long  time. 

Meadow  Saffron,  or  Autumn  Crocus  (Colchicum  autumnale). 
This  plant  is  in  full  bloom  in  June  and  July,  and  is  an 


74  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

active  poison,  and  therefore  highly  dangerous  to  horses 
and  cattle.  As  a  rule,  however,  when  oxen  have  par- 
taken of  it  in  small  amount  only,  they  experience  so 
much  discomfort  that  they  do  not  indulge  in  it  again. 

Mercury. 

The  great  point  to  be  borne  in  mind  about  the  use  of 
the  potent  salts  of  this  element  is  that  great  caution  is 
necessary.  This  remark  applies,  of  course,  to  all  strong 
medicaments,  but  especially  to  the  more  poisonous  com- 
pounds of  mercury. 

Metro-Peritonitis,  or  Puerperal  Peritonitis. 

Begin  with  a  mild  cathartic,  and  follow  with — 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Powdered  opium,  two  drachms. 
Salicylic  acid,  two  drachms. 
Whisky,  six  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  at  intervals  of  six  hours. 

(ii.)  Salicylate  of  sodium,  four  drachms. 

Tincture  of  opium,  one  and  a  half  fluid  ounces. 
Solution   of   acetate  of   ammonium,    four   fluid 

ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  at  intervals  of  four  hours. 

Injection. 

Carbolic  acid,  half  a  fluid  drachm. 
Water,  ten  fluid  ounces. 

Milk  Fever. — See  Apoplexy,  Parturient,  p.  13. 

Miltz-brand  Fieber. — See  Anthrax,  p.  7. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  75 

Muir-Ill. — Sec  Hematuria,  p.  55. 

Myelitis,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Nervous  Structure  of 
the  Spinal  Cord,  is  not  frequently  met  with  in  the 
case  of  the  ox. 

Nsevus. 

This  is  a  swelling  or  tumour  composed  of  hlood-vessels, 
with  some  hypertrophy  of  the  superficial  layer  of  the 
dermis. 

Nephritis.— See  Kidneys,  Inflammation  of,  p.  64. 

Nervous  Debility  in  Cows  at  the  Time  of  Parturition. 

Enemas  must  be  given.  The  surface  of  the  body  must 
be  kept  warm,  and  the  strength  of  the  patient  sustained. 
Stimulating  liniments  should  be  rubbed  along  the  back. 

CEstrus  Bovis. 

In  order  to  destroy  this  parasite,  it  is  only  necessary 
to  use  a  small  quantity  of  the  ointment  of  mercury.  A 
portion  of  the  size  of  a  pea  will  suffice  for  this  purpose. 
Mercurial  ointment  is  the  best  to  use,  but  ointment  of 
sulphur  or  of  carbolic  acid  may  be  tried,  if  they  happen 
to  be  nearer  to  hand. 

Ointments. 

(a)  Ointment  of  boric  acid  : 

Boric  acid,  one  part. 
Vaseline  or  lard,  six  parts. 

(b)  Ointment  of  carbolic  acid  : 

Carbolic  acid,  one  part. 
Soft  paraffin,  twelve  parts. 
Hard  paraffin,  six  parts. 

(c)  Compound  ointment  of  carbolic  acid  : 

Benzoated  lard,  eight  ounces. 
Beeswax,  one  and  a  half  ounces. 


76  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Olive-oil,  one  and  a  half  ounces. 
Carbolic  acid,  three  fluid  drachms. 
Oil  of  eucalyptus,  six  fluid  drachms. 
Iodoform,  three  drachms. 
Melt  the  lard  and  wax,  and  add  the  other  ingredients, 
stirring  until  the  mass  cools. 

(d)  Ointment  of  salicylic  acid  : 

Salicylic  acid,  one  part. 

Vaseline  or  lard  twenty-seven  parts. 

(e)  Ointment  of  aconite  : 

Extract  of  aconite,  two  ounces. 
Prepared  lard,  four  ounces. 
(/)  Ointment  of  belladonna  : 

Alcoholic  extract  of  belladonna,  one  part. 
Benzoated  lard,  nine  parts. 
(g)  Ointment  of  cantharides  : 

Melt  together  over  a  fire  in  a  saucepan — 
Lard,  four  pounds. 
Eesin,  four  pounds. 
Turpentine,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Oleum  succini,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Mix  together  with  the  utmost  care  (because  an  ex- 
plosion may  occur  if   the  two  be  added  without),  and 
gradually,  two  fluid  drachms  of  sulphuric  acid  and  two 
fluid  ounces  of  distilled  water,  and  add  the  fluid  mixture 
thus  formed  to  the  above  mixture.      Finally,  add  one 
pound  of  finely-powdered  cantharides,  and  stir  thoroughly 
until  the  mass  cools. 

(h)  Ointment  of  mercury  : 

Rub  together  until  the  metal  is  invisible — 
Mercury,  sixteen  parts. 
Prepared  lard,  sixteen  parts. 
Prepared  suet,  one  part. 


THE  BOVINE  PRESCRIBED  77 

(i)   Ointment  of  ammoniated  mercury  : 
Mix  thoroughly — 

Ammoniated  mercury,  one  part. 

Simple  ointment,  or  lard  or  vaseline,  nine  parts. 

(j)  Ointment    of    nitrate    of     mercury     (Unguentum 
citrinuin) : 

Mercury,  by  weight,  four  ounces. 
Nitric  acid,  twelve  fluid  ounces. 
Prepared  lard,  fifteen  ounces. 
Olive-oil,  thirty-two  fluid  ounces. 
Dissolve  the  mercury  in  the  nitric  acid  by  the  aid  of 
gentle  heat.     Melt  the  lard  in  the  oil  by  a  steam-  or 
water -bath,    and   then   add    the    solution    of    mercury 
elevated  to  about  the  same  temperature  (100°  C),  mixing 
thoroughly.     Increase  the  heat  until  the  mixture  froths 
up,  and  then  stir  until  the  ointment  is  cold. 

(k)  Compound  ointment  of  iodine  : 
Iodine,  four  drachms. 
Iodide  of  potassium,  four  drachms. 
Glycerine,  two  fluid  drachms 
Prepared  lard,  ten  ounces. 
Kub  the  iodine  and  the  iodide  of  potassium,  together 
with  the  glycerine,  in  a  mortar,  add  the  lard  gradually, 
and  mix. 

(/)   Ointment  of  sulphur  :  Mix — 
Sublimed  sulphur,  one  part. 
Benzoated  lard,  four  parts. 

(m)  Ointment  of  oxide  of  zinc  : 

Melt  five  parts  of  benzoated  lard  at  a  low  tem- 
perature, and  add  one  part  of  oxide  of  zinc, 
and  stir  until  the  ointment  cools. 


78  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Ophthalmia,  Simple. 

Lotions. 
(i.)  For  eyeball : 

Sulphate  of  atropine,  sixteen  grains. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces, 
(ii.)  For  parts  around  the  eye  : 

Boric  acid,  twenty-four  grains. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Ophthalmia,  Periodic. 

Oxen  affected  with  this  malady  are  generally  killed.  A 
seton  or  a  blister  may  be  applied  behind  the  ear  (if  the 
case  be  treated),  and  the  following  given  : 

Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  cinchona,  one  ounce. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water. 

Lotion. 
Sulphate  of  atropine,  half  a  drachm. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Palpitation. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Carbonate  of  ammonium,  two  drachms. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Bicarbonate  of  sodium,  one  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

(ii.)  Sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Digitalis,  thirty  grains. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water. 


THE    BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  79 


Parturient  Apoplexy. — See  Apoplexy,  Parturient,  p.  13. 

Parturient  Septicaemia,  or  Parturient  Fever. 

This  disease  must  not  be  confounded  with  Parturient 
Apoplexy. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Salicylate  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 
Brandy,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  three  drachms. 
Give  in  gruel  at  intervals  of  four  hours. 

(ii.)  Sulphate  of  quinine,  one  drachm  and  a  half. 
Diluted  sulphuric  acid,  four  fluid  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  every  three  or  four  hours. 

Injection. 

Carbolic  acid,  two  fluid  drachms. 
Water,  ten  fluid  ounces. 

Parturition,  Delay  of. 

Mix  one  ounce  of  ergot,  or  one  fluid  ounce  of  the  liquid 
extract  of  ergot,  with  a  sufficient  quantity  of  tonics,  in  a 
quart  of  warm  beer,  and  administer  the  draught. 

Pediculi. — See  Lice,  p.  71. 

Ointment. 

White  precipitate  of  mercury,  one  part. 
Lard,  twelve  parts. 

Lotion. 

Creasote,  three  fluid  drachms. 
Methylated  spirit,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  to  make  half  a  pint. 


80  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Pemphigus. 

In  the  treatment  of  this  affection  of  the  skin,  which  is 
characterized  by  the  appearance  of  bladders  up  to  the 
size  of  a  hen's  egg,  gentle  purgatives  and  afterwards 
alkalies  are  to  be  recommended.  The  bladders  should  be 
opened,  and  starch  or  the  ointment  of  oxide  of  zinc 
applied. 

Pericarditis,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Pericardium. 

It  may  be  advisable  to  kill  at  once,  or  to  cure  first,  and 
then  to  fatten  and  kill. 

A.  Idiopathic  : — 

(a)  In  early  stage  : 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  six  fluid  drachms. 
Solution   of   acetate  of   ammonium,  four  fluid 

ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  every  six  hours  about  three  times. 

Local  Apijlication. 

The  left  side  of  the  animal  in  the  region  of  the 
heart  may  be  blistered  with  ointment  of 
cantharides.     The  hot  wet  pack  is  useful. 

(b)  In  later  stages  : 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  three  drachms. 
Give  in  water  twice  daily. 

B.  Traumatic  : — 

This  form  is  generally  fatal. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBES.  81 


Peritonitis,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Peritoneum. 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  opium,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  forty  minims. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  every  six  hours. 

Peritonitis,  Puerperal. — See  Metro-Peritonitis,  p.  74. 

Phtheiriasis,  or  Lousiness. 

There  are  several  different  kinds  of  lice  which  affect 
oxen.  If  the  skin  be  washed  with  an  infusion  of  tobacco, 
the  lice  may  gradually  be  poisoned.  Before  each  dressing, 
the  skin  should  be  well  washed.  A  very  useful  prepara- 
tion may  be  made  by  boiling  stavesacre-seeds  with  soft 
soap  and  water,  or  by  taking  five  ounces  of  stavesacre- 
seeds,  and  boiling  in  a  gallon  of  water  until  only  about 
two  quarts  remain.  A  well-diluted  solution  of  corrosive 
sublimate  is  very  efficacious  ;  but  care  must  be  taken  in 
using  this  application,  as  it  is  a  very  poisonous  agent. 

Phthisis  Pulmonalis. 

Draught. 

Cod-liver  oil,  ten  fluid  ounces. 
In  cases  where  treatment  is  tried,  give  half  a  pint  of 
cod-liver  oil  twice  daily  for  several  days,  and  then  once 
daily. 

Piles. — See  Haemorrhoids,  p.  57. 

These  are  tumours  situated  near  the  anus,  and  caused 
by  a  varicose  condition  of  the  rectal  veins.  They  are 
caused  by  habitual  constipation  or  disorder  of  the  liver. 

6 


82  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Sometimes  they  may  be  removed  by  ligature,  or  other- 
wise. The  food  should  be  soft,  and  laxatives  may  be 
given. 

Pityriasis. 

This  is  a  scurfy  condition  of  the  skin,  most  frequently 
seen  in  young  animals.  A  mild  sedative  ointment  and  a 
change  of  diet  should  be  recommended. 

Placental  Membranes,  Retention  of  the. 

Draught. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium,  sixteen  ounces. 

Powdered   ergot,    one   ounce   (or   liquid   extract  of 

ergot,  one  fluid  ounce). 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  four  drachms. 
This  draught  may  be  given  in  two  pints  of  warm  water, 
and,  if  necessary,  repeated  on  the  following  day. 

Plenalvia,    or    Engorgement    and    Inflammation    of    the 
Rumen. 

Draught. 

Epsom  salts,  sixteen  ounces. 
Solution  of  aloes,  four  to  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Powdered  ginger,  one  and  a  half  ounces. 
Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia,  one  and  a  half  fluid 
ounces. 

The  above  should  be  mixed  with  a  rather  large  amount 
of  warm  gruel,  and  the  draught  is  to  be  given  slowly  and 
carefully  with  a  horn.  This  may  be  followed  up  with 
about  half  a  pint  of  linseed-oil,  and  if  there  be  no  relief, 
the  first  draught  may  be  repeated,  or  two  pints  of  castor- 
oil  given.  Puncturing  the  rumen  may  be  advisable,  and 
the  animal's  left  side  should  be  well  rubbed  with  the 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  83 

hand.  A  little  exercise  may  be  taken,  and  warm  water 
may  be  injected  into  the  stomach  with  the  stomach- 
pump.  In  some  cases  the  operation  of  rumenotomy  must 
be  performed. 

Plethora. 

An  over-fed  animal,  especially  if  not  sufficiently  exer- 
cised, is  liable  to  simple  acute  inflammation,  and  may 
fall  a  victim  to  disease  depending  upon  this  overloaded 
state  of  the  blood.  Moreover,  calves  when  fed  with  too 
great  an  amount  of  food,  especially  of  a  nitrogenous 
character,  are  very  prone  to  become  the  prey  of  the 
germs  of  black-leg. 

Pleurisy. 

After  giving  a  laxative,  drenches  containing  acetate  of 
ammonium,  camphor,  and  nitric  ether  every  four  hours, 
with  the  addition  of  aconite  in  acute  cases  in  vigorous 
animals.  Bleeding  is  not  to  be  recommended.  Hot 
cloths  should  be  applied  in  the  acute  stages,  as  in  in- 
flammation of  the  lungs,  and  as  the  acute  symptoms 
subside,  mustard  poultices  or  blisters  of  cantharides  oint- 
ment should  be  made  use  of. 

A  combination  of  carbonate  of  ammonium,  iodide  of 
potassium,  and  digitalis,  about  one  drachm  of  each, 
may  be  given.  Carbonate  of  ammonium  is  one  of  the 
best  stimulants  which  can  be  used.  In  the  stage  of 
return  to  health,  the  tincture  of  the  perchloride  of  iron 
with  nux  vomica  is  very  useful,  and  good  diet  is  then 
required. 

If  the  effusion  of  fluid  be  abundant,  it  is  necessary  to 
tap  the  chest.  This  operation  is  performed  by  passing  a 
large  Southey's  trocar  and  canula  through  the  wall  of 
the  chest  between  the  eighth  and  ninth  ribs.    The  trocar 


84  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

is  then  withdrawn,  and  over  the  external  orifice  of  the 
canula  is  passed  one  end  of  a  piece  of  indiarubber  tubing, 
the  other  end  of  which  dips  to  the  bottom  of  a  vessel 
placed  to  remove  the  fluid  as  it  flows  out  from  the  chest. 

Pleuro-Pneumonia  Contagiosa. 

This  disease  is  not  treated.  Immediate  slaughter  of 
all  animals  affected,  and  of  such  as  have  been  in  con- 
tiguity with  affected  animals,  should  be  carried  out,  and 
the  carcases  should  be  buried  with  antiseptic  precautions, 
because  the  flesh  is  not  fit  for  human  food.  In  case  one 
should  be  travelling  in  a  foreign  country,  such  as  Africa., 
with  a  span  of  oxen,  we  give  forms : 

Draught. 

(i.)  Pure  carbolic  acid,  half  a  fluid  drachm. 
Cod-liver  oil  ten  fluid  ounces. 
Thrice  daily,  in  two  pints  of  warm  water. 

(ii.)  Salicine  or  salicylate  of  sodium,  four  drachms 
(or  salicylic  acid,  three  drachms). 
Sulphite  of  sodium,  five  drachms. 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Gentian,  one  ounce  and  a  half. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  ale  twice  daily. 
(iii.)  Iodine,  half  a  drachm. 
Tonics,  three  ounces. 
Give  in  two  pints  of  beer  (D.  G.). 

Pneumonia,  or  Inflammation  of  the  Lungs. 

The  animal  should  be  placed  in  a  well-ventilated,  airy 
box  or  shed,  since  a  due  supply  of  fresh  cool  air  is 
essential.  Cloths  wrung  out  from  hot  water  should  be 
applied  around  the  chest,  and  should  be  renewed  every 
hour,  so  long  as  the  acute  symptoms  last.     Afterwards, 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  85 

the  sides  of  the  chest  may  be  blistered  by  the  application 
on  one  side  of  mustard,  and  on  the  other,  if  it  be  also 
affected,  of  ointment  of  cantharides,  or  a  strong  ammonia 
and  turpentine  liniment.  Moreover,  in  the  first  instance, 
a  fair  dose  of  Epsom  salts  should  be  given  in  a  pint  of 
warm  water,  and  every  four  hours  a  drench  containing 
solution  of  carbonate  of  ammonium,  solution  of  acetate  of 
ammonium,  and  camphor.  Digitalis  is  also  sometimes 
useful.  Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  in  forty-five  minim 
doses,  is  useful  in  plethoric  cases.  When  the  lungs  are 
extensively  inflamed,  it  is  often  best  to  slaughter. 

Poisoning  the  Water-supply. 

The  water  in  ponds  is  often  most  unwholesome,  owing 
to  the  collection  of  excrement,  and  perhaps  also  as  a 
result  of  the  dead  bodies  of  animals  having  been  thrown 
into  them.  Such  methods  of  poisoning  the  water-supply 
are  to  be  looked  upon  as  signifying  reckless  folly. 

Poisons. 

Black  Hellebore  : 

This  is  sometimes  used  as  a  counter-irritant  dressing 
for  setons  in  the  dew-lap.  If  extreme  inflamma- 
tion has  been  set  up  in  this  way,  the  swelling 
should  be  fomented,  and  a  full  dose  of  purgative 
medicine  given. 

Solanum  Dulcamara  : 

This  plant  flowers  in  June  and  July,  and  produces 
berries  a  few  weeks  later.  The  pulse  of  an  animal 
poisoned  by  it  becomes  almost  imperceptible,  and 
one  of  the  symptoms  is  wildness  and  mad  rush- 
ing to  and  fro.  The  pupils  become  much  dilated, 
and    the     bowels     freely    opened.       Stimulating 


86  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

draughts,  as  in  cases  of  yew-tree  poisoning,  are 
best.     See  p.  102. 
Lead  : 

Should  an  ox  suffer  from  lead-poisoning,  which  is  a 
very  rare  occurrence,  a  strong  purgative  is  needed. 

Draught. 

Epsom  salts,  ten  ounces. 

Glauber's  salts,  ten  ounces. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid,  four  fluid  drachms. 

Croton  oil,  twenty  minims. 
Give  in  a  sufficiency  of  gruel,  and  repeat  the  draught 
in  half  the  amount  after  the  lapse  of  eight  or  ten  hours, 
if  it  be  thought  necessary.  Mucilage  of  linseed  or  gruel 
should  be  given  in  large  quantities  every  hour,  and  at 
each  alternate  administration  four  drachms  of  diluted 
sulphuric  acid  may  be  added. 

Premature  Delivery  may  perhaps  be  occasioned  by  ergot, 
which  is  present  on  the  grasses  between  August 
and  December. 

Preputial  Calculi. 

Calculi  may  be  present  on  the  wool  around  the  pre- 
puce of  sheep.  In  these  cases  the  triple  phosphates, 
being  deposited  from  the  urine,  block  up  the  urethra. 
The  best  plan  is  to  remove  these  calculi.  In  some  cases 
it  may  be  necessary  to  cut  off  the  vermiform  appendage,* 
or  to  cut  into  the  urethral  canal  above  the  place  where 
the  obstruction  exists.  Aperients  and  small  doses  of 
diluted  mineral  acids  may  be  useful. 

Probang,  Passing  the. 

The  ox  must  be  secured,  and  a  gag  held  or  strapped 

*  This  operation  would  render  a  ram  unfit  for  breeding  purposes. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  87 

in  the  animal's  mouth.  The  prohang  is  to  be  well  oiled, 
and  passed  backwards  steadily.  When  the  operator 
feels  the  obstruction,  he  must  try,  by  moderate  and 
steady  pressure,  to  force  it  downwards  into  the  rumen. 
The  distressing  symptoms  then  vanish,  and  gas  escapes 
from  the  rumen.  Great  care  should  always  be  exercised 
in  this  operation. 

Prolapsus  Ani. 

The  cause  of  straining  should  be  obviated,  and  the 
bowel  well  washed  with  cold  water,  and,  if  possible,  care- 
fully returned  by  pressure.     Some  prefer  hot  water. 

Prurigo. 

This  disease  is  sometimes  known  as  '  Spring  Lice.'  It 
is  often  met  with  among  cattle,  especially  during  the 
early  parts  of  the  year.  The  coat  stares,  the  papillae  of 
the  dermis  are  inflamed,  and  pimples  appear  on  the  body 
and  legs,  crusts  are  formed,  and  then  thrown  off,  together 
with  the  hair.    See  Urticaria,  p.  101. 

Psoriasis. 

Treatment  should  begin  with  the  exhibition  of  an 
aperient. 

Draught. 

Liquor  arsenicalis,  two  fluid  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  sodium,  one  ounce. 
Water,  a  pint. 
Twice  daily. 

Ointment. 

Tar,  two  and  a  half  parts. 

Yellow  wax,  one  part. 
Melt  the  wax  at  a  low  heat,  add  the  tar,  and  stir  whilst 
the  mixture  cools. 
Puerperal  Apoplexy. — See  Apoplexy,  Parturient,  p.  13. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 


Puerperal  Peritonitis. — See  Metro-Peritonitis,  p.  74. 

Puerperal  Mania. 

Slaughter  is  generally  the  best  course. 

Pupil  of  Eye. 

Lotions. 
(i.)  To  cause  contraction  : 

Sulphate  or  salicylate  of  eserine,  sixteen  grains. 

Water,  eight  fluid  ounces, 
(ii.)  To  cause  dilatation  : 

Sulphate  of  atropine,  half  a  drachm. 

"Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Purpura  Hemorrhagica. 

Draughts. 
(i.)  Quinetuin,  one  drachm. 

Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

(ii.)  Powdered  gentian,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  half  an  ounce. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water,  gruel,  or  ale. 

Pyaemia. 

Draught. 

Powdered  cinchona  bark,  one  ounce. 
Salicylate  of  sodium,  half  an  ounce. 
Mix  well  with  a  pint  of  warm  water,  and  give  thrice 
on  the  first  day,  and  then  twice  each  day.     Treatment 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  &9 

should,  however,  begin  with  a  laxative,  and,  during  con- 
valescence, tonics  will  be  required.     See  Anaemia,  p.  5. 

Pyrexia. 

This  word  means  a  condition  of  elevated  temperature, 
as  occurs  during  a  fever  and  in  febrile  conditions  generally. 
See  Antipyretics,  p.  10. 

Rabies. 

This  disease  is  not  treated,  the  beast  being  shot.  It  is 
but  rarely  met  with  in  the  ox.     The  flesh  is  not  fit  for  food. 

Rachitis,  or  Rickets  (in  Calves). 
The  food  should  be  nutritious. 

Poiuder. 

Phosphate  of  lime,  two  drachms. 
Give  in  the  food  or  in  milk  once  every  day. 

Draught. 

Cod-liver  oil,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Lime  water,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Once  daily. 

Rectum,  Mechanical  Distension  of  the. 

This  condition  may  sometimes  be  so  serious  (especially 
in  the  case  of  the  rectum  of  young  animals  being  dis- 
tended with  meconium)  as  to  necessitate  removal,  either 
by  means  of  the  oiled  forefinger,  or  in  any  other  suitable 
manner. 

Red-water,  or  Hematuria. 

Draught. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium,  giv. 
Extract  of  taraxacum,  gi. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  5i. 
Give  twice  daily. 


90  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Renal  Dropsy. 

Purgatives  should  be  given,  and  the  skin  should  be 
acted  upon. 

Respiratory  System. — See  separate  headings,  namely : 
Catarrh,  Epistaxis,  Laryngitis,  Bronchitis,  Pneumonia, 
Pleurisy. 

Retention  of  Placental  Membranes 

Draught. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium,  sixteen  ounces. 

Powdered  ergot,  one  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  four  drachms. 
This  draught  may  be  mixed  with  two  pints  of  warm 
water,  and  given  once,  and  then  again  on  the  next  day,  if 
necessary. 

Retinitis,  or  Specific  Ophthalmia. 

The  animal  seeks  quiet  and  solitude,  avoids  the  light, 
and  closes  the  eyelids.  In  the  early  stages,  the  pupil 
is  contracted,  the  inflamed  retina  not  being  able  to  bear 
the  light.  There  is  a  profuse  discharge  of  tears.  A 
red  tinge  of  the  fundus  may  be  noticed. 

Rhagio  Columbaschensis  is  a  fly  which  is  very  destructive 
to  cattle  in  Hungary  and  Servia. 

Rheumatism, 
(a)  Acute. 

Draught. 

Tincture  of  colchicum,  half  a  fluid  ounce. 
Tincture  of  aconite  (B.P.),  half  a  fluid  drachm. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  91 

Salicylate  of  sodium,  four  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Give  at  intervals  of  sis  hours,  until  the  fever  be  abated, 
and  then  continue  with  half  the  dose  of  all  the  ingredients, 
but  leaving  out  the  aconite. 


Local  Applications. 
Liniment  of  belladonna 

equal  parts. 


Liniment  of  aconite  ^ 


Liniment  of  chloroform    I 

Ordinary  white  liniment  ^ 
This   liniment,    or   if    necessary   a   stronger   counter- 
irritant  (see  Counter-irritants),  may  be  well  rubbed  on  the 
affected  parts.     See  p.  37. 

(b)  Chronic. 

DraugJit. 

Tincture  of  colchicum,  two  fluid  drachms. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  half  an  ounce. 

Salicylate  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 

Iodide  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 

Water,  q.s. 
Give  twice  daily. 

Local  Applications. — Same  as  above. 
Rickets. — See  Rachitis,  p.  89. 

For  this  malady,  nutritious  food,  cod-liver  oil,  in  daily 
doses  of  four  fluid  ounces  mixed  with  two  fluid  ounces  of 
lime  water,  and  tonics  given  in  milk. 


92  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Ringworm,  Ordinary  (Tinea  Tonsurans). 

Ointments. 

(i.)  Ointment  of  iodine. 

(ii.)  Ointment  of  nitrate  of  mercury.     See  p.  77. 
(iii.)  Oleate  of  copper,  one  part. 
Lard  or  vaseline,  five  parts. 

Lotions. 

(i.)  Sulphurous  acid,  one  fluid  drachm. 

Glycerine,  two  fluid  drachms, 
(ii.)  Perchloride  of  mercury,  one  part. 

Water,  five  hundred  parts, 
(iii.)  Acetum  cantharidum. 

Ringworm,  Favus  Honeycomb  (Achorion  Schoenleinii). 

The  same  treatment  as  above  will  be  found  efficacious. 
We  believe  that  the  best  plan  is  to  paint  the  part  with 
sulphurous  acid  at  the  outset,  and  then  continue  this 
application,  or  one  of  the  others,  daily  or  every  alternate 
day. 

Rumenotomy  is  sometimes  necessary  in  cases  of  extreme 
engorgement  of  the  rumen. 

Rupture  of  the  Rumen. 

This  accident  sometimes  occurs  as  a  result  of  tympany, 
whether  primary,  or  attendant  upon  engorgement.  It 
may  be  due  to  a  wound  or  injury,  especially  if  the  rumen 
be  at  the  time  engorged,  or  to  the  presence  of  irritant 
substances.     Death  is  almost  inevitable. 

Scabies  in  Sheep. 

Sulphur  ointment  is  best ;  but  cases  of  scabies  must  be  at 
once  reported,  and  dealt  with  according  to  law.     See  p.  1. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED  93 

Scarlatina  or  Scarlet  Fever. 

Draught. 

Salicylate  of  sodium,  four  drachms. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  half  an  ounce. 
Water,  to  eight  fluid  ounces. 
Thrice  daily,  until  the  temperature  be   reduced,  and 
then  give  only  half  the  above  dose  of  salicylate. 

Schlundbeulen  (Actinomycosis). — See  latter  heading,  p.  2. 

Scour,    or    Skit,   and  Scouring  in    Young    Calves. — See 
Diarrhoea,  p. 

Scrofula. 

Draught. 

Phosphate  of  lime,  two  drachms. 
Sulphate  of  iron,  one  drachm. 
Gentian,  one  and  a  half  ounces. 
Give  in  warm  water  twice  daily. 

Scrofulous  Arthritis. — See  Arthritis,  Scrofulous,  p.  16. 

Septicaemia,  or  Blood-poisoning. — See  Blood-poisoning,  p.  22. 

Setons. 

When  oxen  are  lame  in  the  stifle,  the  compound  lini- 
ment of  ammonia  should  be  well  rubbed  over  the  joint 
once  or  twice  a  day.  Setons  inserted  over  the  joint  and 
dressed  with  black  oil  daily  are  also  to  be  recommended. 
They  should  be  inserted  every  fortnight,  and  the  parts 
should  be  kept  quite  clean.  Setons  are  also  very  useful 
as  a  preventive  of  black-leg. 


94  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

Simple  Colic. 

It  is  advisable  to  give  sixteen  ounces  of  Epsom  salts, 
and  enemas  may  be  also  tried.  Blood  may  be  abstracted, 
if  tbe  animal  be  plethoric.  A  useful  draught  may  be 
made  of  two  fluid  ounces  of  aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 
and  two  fluid  ounces  of  tincture  of  opium.  If  no  relief 
be  obtained,  this  drench  may  be  repeated  in  an  hour  and 
a  half.  Again,  we  may  give  at  intervals  of  four  hours  a 
draught  composed  of  half  a  fluid  ounce  of  oil  of  turpentine, 
one  and  a  half  fluid  ounces  of  tincture  of  opium,  and  two 
fluid  ounces  of  spirit  of  nitrous  ether. 

Simple  Erythema. 

Ointment  of  boric  acid       \ 
Ointment  of  oxide  of  zinc  >  equal  parts. 
Vaseline  ) 

Mix  well  and  apply. 

Sore  Teats. 

Ointment  of  boric  acid,  or  the  above. 

Splenic  Apoplexy,  or  Splenic  Fever. — See  Anthrax,  p.  7. 

This  disease,  when  undoubted,  should  not  be  treated ; 
but  the  oxen  suffering  from  it  should  at  once  be  isolated 
and  shot,  and  the  carcases  buried  with  lime  at  a  good 
depth.  However,  cases  may  arise  where  doubt  may 
exist,  and  perhaps  the  farmer  may  think  well  to  have  the 
other  oxen  treated  with  a  preventive.     If  so,  give — 

Draught. 

Sulphite  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Salicylate  of  sodium,  three  drachms. 
Water,  fifteen  fluid  ounces. 
Every  four  hours  for  a  day  or  two. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  95 

Sprains. 

(a)  Early  stage : 

Cooling  Lotion. 

Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Methylated  spirit,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Chloride  of  ammonium,  two  ounces. 
Nitrate  of  potassium,  two  ounces. 
Tincture  of  arnica,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  one  pint. 

(b)  Later  stage : 

Some  stimulating  liniment,  such  as  ordinary  white 
liniment. 

Stamping-out. 

In  the  case  of  certain  diseases,  such  as  cattle  plague, 
anthrax,  contagious  pleuro-pneumonia,  and  rabies,  there 
is  no  doubt  that  the  policy  of  immediate  measures  of 
isolation,  slaughter,  and  burial  with  efficient  precautions 
is  best.  In  regard  to  other  maladies,  such  as  foot-and- 
mouth  disease,  it  may  be  a  wise  plan  ;  but  in  reference  to 
tuberculosis,  the  disease  is  so  widespread  that  some 
doubt  may  exist — on  the  score  of  the  great  expense  which 
such  a  course  would  entail — if  it  would  be  practicable. 
No  doubt,  however,  can  be  reasonably  entertained  that 
tuberculosis  of  human  beings  is  in  large  measure  trans- 
mitted by  the  medium  of  the  milk  and  flesh  of  oxen 
affected  with  that  disease. 

Starch  Bandages. 

These  are  useful  for  setting  fractures. 

Stings. 

Lotions. 

(i.)  Carbolic  acid,  one  fluid  part. 
Glycerine,  one  fluid  part. 


96  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER. 

(ii.)  Permanganate  of  potassium,  half  a  drachm. 
Water,  eight  fluid  ounces. 

Stomach  Staggers. 

Give  a  full  cathartic  dose,  and  suitable  stimulants, 
such  as — 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  four  drachms. 
Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  one  ounce. 
Water,  a  pint. 

Stomatitis,  Gangrenous. — See  Gangrenous  Stomatitis,  p.  51. 

Stones,  or  Calculi. 

As  a  rule,  of  the  three  operations  which  might  be 
resorted  to,  viz.,  artificial  dilatation  of  the  urethra  by 
little  inflated  bladders  or  otherwise,  crushing  of  the  stone 
by  means  of  instruments,  or  cutting  for  the  stone,  not 
one  seems  to  be  usually  very  advisable  in  the  case  of  the 
ox.  In  the  case  of  female  animals,  the  chances  of  success 
are  better.  If  the  calculus  be  present  in  the  urethra,  a 
longitudinal  or  oblique  section  may  be  made  along  that 
canal  over  the  site  of  the  stone. 

Strangury. — See  Hematuria,  p.  55. 

Stringhalt. 

This  disordered  condition  is  well-known  among  horse- 
men as  affecting  horses.  A  similar  malady  has  been 
described  as  attacking  oxen. 

Suppression  of  Urine. 

This  may  occur  as  a  result  of  inflammation  of  the 
kidneys,  or  of  acute  febrile  diseases.  A  working  ox,  fed 
on  dry  food,  should  be  supplied  with  about  seven  gallons 


THE   BOVINE    PRESCRIBE!*.  97 


of  water  daily,  and  hence  it  is  clear  that  they  may  often 
have  an  insufficient  quantity  when  kept  in  parched-up 
fields. 

Symbiotes  Bovis. 

According  to  Gerlach  there  are  two  forms  of  acarus 
which  produce  mange,  viz.,  Dermatodectes  bovis  and  the 
Symbiotes  bovis.     See  p.  1. 

Tabes  Mesenterica. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Sulphate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Creasote,  twenty  minims. 
Gentian,  one  ounce. 
( ringer,  half  an  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm   gruel  twice  daily.      N.B.— 
Carbolic  acid  may  be  used  instead  of  the  creasote  in  the 
dose  of  twenty  minims  for  the  adult,  and  six  minims  for 
a  calf. 

(ii.)  Cod-liver  oil,  ten  fluid  ounces. 
Oil  of  eucalyptus,  ten  minims. 
Give  twice  daily, 
(iii.)  Cod-liver  oil,  one  pint. 

Bromide  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Sulphide  of  calcium,  one  drachm, 
(iv.)  Salol,  one  drachm  and  a  half  in  the  food  once 
daily. 

Tail-worm. 

This  is  not  a  real  disease,  as  is  imagined  by  some. 

Teats,  Injuries  and  Obstructions  in  the. 

There  may  be  tumours,  or  perhaps  lacteal  calculi  or 
milk-stones.     A  silver  probe  should  be  passed   up   the 

7 


98  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

teat.  Warts  also  may  be  found  at  the  end  of  a  teat, 
and  they  may  be  removed  by  constricting  them  with  a 
fine  silk  ligature.  Sore  teats  should  be  treated  with 
ointment  of  turpentine. 

Tetanus,  or  Lockjaw. 

Draught. 

Bromide  of  potassium,  four  drachms. 
Anise  fruit,  four  drachms. 
This  draught  may  be  mixed  with  warm  water  or  gruel, 
and  given  thrice  daily. 

Texas  Fever,  or  Anthrax. — See  Anthrax,  p.  7. 

Thorter  111. 

This  is  a  nervous  disorder,  which  is  due  to  the  presence 
of  a  hydatid  in  the  cervical  portion  of  the  spinal  cord, 
whereby  more  or  less  marked  paralysis  of  one  or  both 
sides  of  the  body  may  be  caused. 

Thrush  in  the  Mouth. — See  Aphtha,  p.  11. 

Tinea  Favosa. 

This  ringworm  is  caused  by  the  fungus  Achorion 
Schonleinii.  The  spores  gain  entrance  into  the  hairs,  as 
well  as  into  the  cuticle.  The  crusts  should  be  removed, 
and  to  the  underlying  parts  should  be  applied  a  prepara- 
tion composed  of  one  fluid  part  of  diluted  sulphurous  acid, 
mixed  with  about  three  fluid  parts  of  glycerine. 

Tinea  Tonsurans. 

This  ringworm  is  caused  by  the  fungus  Trichophyton 
tonsurans.  Great  care  must  be  taken  not  to  get  it,  nor 
to  allow  it  to  be  transmitted.  Circular  patches  devoid 
of  hair  are  seen,  and  the  skin  is  scurfy.     The  same  treat- 


THE   BOVINE   1'RESCRIBER.  99 

ment  as  above  is  good.  Ointment  of  iodine  and  tincture 
of  iodine  and  hyposulphite  of  sodium  (saturated  solution) 
are  beneficial. 

Tobacco 

Is  useful  in  cases  of  tetanus. 

Tongue,  Actinomycosis  of. — See  Actinomycosis,  p.  2. 

Tonics. — See  Anaemia,  p.  5. 

Draughts. 

(i.)  Gentian,  one  ounce. 
Ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Carbonate  of  ammonium,  half  an  ounce. 
Carbonate  of  iron,  two  drachms. 
Give  twice  daily  in  a  pint  of  warm  water,  gruel,  or  ale. 
(ii.)  Solution    of   hydrochlorate   of   strychnine,  two 
fluid  drachms. 
Tincture  of  capsicum,  four  fluid  drachms. 
Muriate  of  cinchona,  one  drachm. 
Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  warm  gruel. 

Transmission  of  Scarlet  Fever  and  Tuberculosis  to  Human 
Beings. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  that  both  these  diseases  fre- 
quently spring  from  eating  the  flesh  or  drinking  the  milk 
of  diseased  oxen.  Hence  the  greatest  caution  should  be 
exercised. 

Treatment,  or  Slaughter. 

It  is  often  difficult  to  decide  which  course  is  preferable 
in  the  case  of  oxen. 

Trichina  Spiralis. 

This  worm  has  been  found  in  man,  pig,  ox,  rabbit,  rat, 
and  other  animals. 


100  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Tympanites,  or  Hoven. 

Commence  with  a  cathartic  dose.       Half  an  ounce  of 
vegetable  charcoal  may  be  given  occasionally. 

Draughts. 
(i.)  Hyposulphite  of  sodium,  half  an  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Every  three  hours  for   several  times,  if  thought  ad- 
visable. 

(ii.)  Ether,  two  fluid  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  half  an  ounce. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  q.s. 
Every  four  hours, 
(iii.)  Sulpho-carbolate  of  sodium,  two  drachms. 
Bromide  of  potassium,  two  drachms. 
Chlorodyne,  six  fluid  drachms. 
Water,  q.s. 
Every  five  hours, 
(iv.)  Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Spirit  of  chloroform,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Oil  of  turpentine,  one  fluid  ounce. 
Water,  sixteen  fluid  ounces. 
Every  three  hours. 

(v.)  Solution  of  ammonia,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Brandy,  one  pint. 
Give  in  a  pint  of  gruel. 

Udder,  Inflammation  of. — See  Garget,  or  Inflammation,  p. 

52. 

Ursemia. 

When  the  kidneys  are  out  of  working  order,  as  is  the 
case  in  this  condition,  the  liver,  the  skin,  and  the  bowels 
should  be  acted  on. 


THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBER.  101 

Urticaria. 

A  fairly  strong  saline  cathartic  should  be  given  in  the 
first  place.  In  addition  to  this  internal  treatment,  a 
lotion  containing  glycerine,  carbonate  of  sodium,  and 
tincture  of  opium  may  be  usefully  applied  several  times 
daily.  Sulphur  and  bicarbonate  of  potassium  may  be 
given,  or  the  following — 

Draught. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium,  half  an  ounce. 
Bicarbonate  of  sodium,  half  an  ounce. 
Nitrate  of  potassium,  half  an  ounce. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  two  fluid  ounces. 
Water,  q.s. 
Twice  daily  for  a  few  days. 

Ointment. 
Equal  parts  of  boric  acid  and  zinc  ointments. 

Vaccinia  (Cow-pox). 

Begin  with  a  laxative.  Also  draw  off  the  milk  with  a 
syphon. 

Draught. 
Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Tincture  of  aconite  (V.P.),  forty  minims. 
Water,  q.s. 
Thrice  daily. 

Verminous  Broichitis. — See  Bronchitis,  Verminous,  p.  25. 

Warble. — See  CEstrus  Bovis,  p.  75. 

Wasting. 

Drench. 

Powdered  nux  vomica,  forty  grains. 
Powdered  capsicum  seeds,  half  a  drachm. 


102  THE   BOVINE   PRESCRIBED 

Sulphate  of  iron,  one  drachm. 
Powdered  ginger,  half  an  ounce. 
Powdered  gentian,  one  ounce. 
Powdered  calumba,  one  ounce. 
Sulphide  of  calcium,  one  drachm. 

Whites. — See  Leucorrhoea,  p.  70. 

Yew-tree  Poisoning. 

In  the  first  place  a  cathartic  should  be  given,  and  then — 

Draught. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium,  three  drachms. 
Whisky,  four  fluid  ounces. 
Gruel,  sufficient  to  make  half  a  pint. 
Give  every  four  hours,  until  the  animal  be  somewhat 
better,  and  then  every  six  hours  for  another  day. 

Zymotic  Diseases. — Eefer  to  Infectious  Diseases,  Preven- 
tion of  the,  p.  62. 


THE   END. 


BAILLIERE,   TINDAI.L    AND   COX,    20   AND   21,    KING    WILLIAM   STREET.    STRANU. 


CATALOGUE    OF 

William  R.  Jenkins  Co.'s 

Works   Concerning 

HORSES,  CATTLE,  SHEEP,  SWIHE,  Etc. 
1910 


(*)  Designate*  New  Books. 

(f)  Designates  Recent  Publications. 


ANDERSON.  "Vice  in  the  Horse"  and  other  papers 
on  Horses  and  Riding.  By  E.  L.  Anderson.  Size, 
6x9,  cloth,  illustrated 1  75 

ABMSTEAD.      "The  Artistic  Anatomy  of  the  Horse." 

A  brief  description  of  the  various  Anatomical  Struc- 
tures which  may  be  distinguished  during  Life  through 
the  Skin,  By  Hugh  W.  Armstead,  M.D.,  F.R.GS. 
With  illustrations  from  drawings  by  the  author. 
Cloth  oblong,  10  x  12| 3  75 

BACH.  "  Hott  to  Judge  a  Horse."  A  concise  treatise 
as  to  its  Qualities  and  Soundness ;  Including  Bits  and 
Bitting,  Saddles  and  Saddling,  Stable  Drainage,  Driv- 
ing One  Horse,  a  Pair,  Four-in-hand,  or  Tandem,  etc. 
By  Gapt.  F.W.  Bach.     Size,  5x7£,  clo.,  fully  illus.l  00 

BANHA&T.     "Tables  of  Veterinary   Posology  and  Thera. 

peutics,"  with  weights,  measures,  etc.     By  Geo.  A- 

Banharn,    F.  R.  C.  V.  S.     New  edition.      Cloth,    size 

4x5  1-2,  192  pages 1  00 

BAUCHER.  "Method  of  Horsemanship."  Including 
the  Breaking  and  Training  of  Horses.  By 
F.  Baucher.     (Temporarily  out  of  print). 

BELL.     (*)"The  Veterinarian's  CaU   Book   (Perpetual)." 

By  Roacoe  R.  Bell,  D.V.S.,  editor  of  the  American 
Veterinary  Review.    Completely  revised. 

A  visiting  list,  that  can  be  commenced  at  any  time 
and  used  until  full,  containing  much  useful  informa- 
tion for  the  student  and  the  busy  practitioner. 
Among  content^  are  items  concerning :  Prescription 
writing;  Veterinary  Drugs;  Poisons;  Solubility  of 
Drugs;  Composition  of  Milk,  Bile,  Blood,  Gastric 
Juice,  Urine,  Saliva;  Respiration;  Dentition;  Temp- 
erature, etc.,  etc.  Bound  in  flexible  leather,  with 
flap  and  pocket 1  25 

8-'10 


BITTING.     "Cadiot's  Exercises  in  Equine  Surgery." 

See  "Cadiot." 

BRADLEY.        "  Outlines      of     Veterinary    Anatomy." 

By  O.  Charnock  Bradley,  Member  of  the  Royal  Col- 
lege of  Veterinary  Surgeons ;  Professor  of  Anatomy 
in  the  New  Veterinary  College,  Edinburgh. 

The  author  presents  the  most  important  facts  of 
veterinary  anatomy  in  as  condensed  a  form  as  possible, 
consistent  with  lucidity.     12mo. 

Complete  in  three  parts. 

Part  I. :      The  Limbs  (cloth) 1  25 

Part  II. :     The  Trunk  (paper) 1  25 

Part  III. :    The  Head  and  Neck  (paper) 1  25 

The  Set  complete 3  25 

CADIOT.     "  Exercises  in  Equine  Surgery."     By  P.  J. 

Cadiot.  Translated  by  Prof.  A.  W.  Bitting,  D.V.M. 
EdlUd  by  Prof.  A.  Liautard,  M.D.V.M.     Size,  6  x  9#. 

cloth,  illustrated 2  50 

—  "Roaring  in  Horses."  Its  Pathology  and  Treatment. 
This  work  represents  the  latest  development  in  oper- 
ative methods  for  the  alleviation  of  roaring.  Each 
step  is  most  clearly  defined  by  excellent  full-page 
illustrations.  By  P.  J.  Cadiot,  Professor  at  the 
Veterinary  School,  Alfort.  Translated  by  Thos.  J. 
Watt  Dollar,  M.R.C.V.S.,  etc.  Cloth,  size  51-4x7  1-8, 
77  pages,  illustrated 75 

— 1"  Studies  in  Clinical  Veterinary  Medicine  and  Surgery." 

By  P.  J.  Cadiot.  Translated,  edited,  and  supplemented 
with  49  new  articles  and  34  illustrations  by  Jno.  A.  W. 
Dollar,  M.R.C.V.S.  Cloth,  size  7x9  3-4,  619  pages, 
94  black  and  white  illustrations 5  25 

— (*)u  A^Treatise  on  Surgical  Therapeutics  of  the  Domestic 

Animals."  By  P.  J.  Cadiot  and  J.  Almy.    Translated 

by  Prof.  A.  Liautard,  M.D..V.M. 

General  Surgery. — Means  of  restraint  of  animals, 
general  anaesthesia,  local  anaethosia,  surgical  anti- 
sepsis and  asepsis,  hematosis,  cauterization,  firing, 

Diseases  Common  to  all  Tissues. — Inflammation, 
abscess,  gangrene,  ulcers,  fistula,  foreign  bodies, 
traumatic  lesions,  complications  of  traumatic  les- 
ions, granulations,  cicatrices,  mycosis,  virulent 
diseases,  tumors. 

Diseases  Special  to  all  Tissues  and  Affections  of 
the  Extremities. — Diseases  of  skin  and  cellular  tis- 
sue, of  serous  bursae,  of  muscles,  of  tendons,  of 
tendinous  synovial  sacs,  of  aponeurosis,  of  arteries, 
of  veins,  of  lymphatics,  of  nerves,  of  bones,  of 
articulations. 

Cloth,  size  6x9,  580  pages,  118  illustrations 4  50 

CAMPBELL,  and  LE CROIX.  (•)<* Essentials  of  Para- 
sitology," with  a  brief  discourse  on  Zoology.  Size 
5  3-4x8  1-2,  96  pages,  with  three  Charts 1  00 


CHAPMAN.  "Manual  of  the  Pathological  Treatment 
of   I, amotions  in    the    Horse,"     treated    solely    by 

mechanical  inc. ins.  By  George  T.  Chapman.  Cloth, 
bizi-  6  z  9,  124  pages  with  portrait 2  00 

CLARKE.  "Chart  of  the  Feet  and  Teeth  of  Fossil 
Hornes."  By  W.  H.  Clarke.  Card,  size  9  1-2  x  12. .  25 

— "Horses'  T<'c1h.',  Fourth  edition,  re-revised,  with  second 
appendix.    Cloth,  size  5  1-4  x  7  1-2,  322  pp.,  illus..2  60 

CLEAVELAX1).  "Pronouncing  Medical  Lexicon." 
Pooket  edition.  By  C.  H.  Cleveland,  M.D.  Cloth, 
size  3  1-4x4  1-2,  :!U2  pages 75 

CLEMENT.  ki  Veterinary  Post  Mortem  Examina- 
tions." By  A.  W.  Clement,  V.S.  The  absence  in  the 
English  language  of  any  guide  in  making  autopsies 
upon  the  lower  animals,  induced  Dr.  Clement  to 
write  this  book,  trusting  that  it  would  prove  of  prac- 
tical value  to  the  profession.  Cloth,  size  5x7  1-2,  64 
pages,  illustrated 75 

CO  URTENA  Y.  (+)  "  Manual  of  the  Practice  of  Veterinary 
Medicine."  By  Edward  Courtenay,  V.  S.  Revised  by 
Frederick  T.  G.  Hobday,  F.R.C.V.8.  Second  edition. 
Cloth,  size  5  1-4x7  1-2,  573  pages    2  75 

COX.        "  Horses  :     In     Accident    and    Disease."       The 

sketches  Introduced  embrace  various  attitudes  which 
have  been  observed,  such  as  in  choking ;  the  disorders 
and  accidents  occurring  to  the  stomach  and  intteines; 
affection  of  the  brain  ;  and  some  special  forms  of  lame- 
ness, etc.  By  J.  Roalfe  Cox,  F.K.C.V.S.  Cloth,  size 
6  x  9,  28  full  page  illustrations 1  50 

DALRYMPLE.  (*)"Veterinary  Obstetrics."  A  compen- 
dium for  the  use  of  advanced  students  and  Practi- 
tioners. By  W.  H.  Dalrymple,  M.  It.  C.  V.  S., 
principal  of  the  Department  of  Veterinary  Science  in 
the  Louisiana  State  University  and  A.  &  M.  College; 
Veterinarian  to  the  Louisiana  State  Bureau  of 
Agriculture,  and  Agricultural  Experiment  Stations. 
Second  edition  revised.  Cloth,  size  6x9  1-4,162  pages, 
51  illustrations 2  50 

DALZIEL.  "  Breaking  and  Training  Dogs."  Part  I,  by 
Pathfinder.  Part  II,  by  Hugh  Dalziel.  Cloth, 
illustrated 2  60 

—  "The    Collie."    By  Hush  Dalziel.     Paper,  illustrated 50 

—  "The  Diseases  of  Dogs."    Causes,  symptoms  and  treatment. 

By  Hugh  Dalziel.  Illustrated.    Paper 50 

—  "  The  Fox  Terrier."    By  Hugh  Dalziel.    Paper,  50 ;  clo.l  00 

—  "The  Greyhound."   Cloth,  illus 1  00 

—  "  The  St.  Bernard."    Cloth,  illustrated 1  00 


DANCE.  "  Veterinary  Tablet."  By  A.  A.  Dance.  Chart, 
17  x  24,  mounted  on  linen,  folded  in  a  cloth  ease  foir 
the  pocket,  size  3  3-4  x  6  1-2.  Shows  at  a  glance  the 
synopsis  of  the  diseases  of  horses,  cattle  and  dogs ; 
with  their  cause,  symptoms  and  cure 75 

J>E  BRUIN.     (*)"  Bovine  Obstetrics."  By  M.  G.  De  Bruin 

Instructor  of  Obstetrics  at  the  State  Veterinary 
School  in  Utrecht.  Translated  by  W.  E.  A.  Wyman, 
formerly  Professor  of  Veterinary  Science  at  Clemson 
A.  &  M.  College,  and  Veterinarian  to  the  South 
Carolina  Experiment  Station.  Cloth,  size  6x9,  382 
pages,  77  illustrations 5  00 

Synopsis  of  the  Essential  Features  of  the  Work 

1.  Authorized  translation. 

2.  The  only  obstetrical  work  which  Is  up  to  date. 

3.  Written  by  Europe's  leading  authority  on  the  subject. 

4.  Written  by  a  man  who  has  practiced  the  art  a  lifetime. 

5.  Written  by  a  man  who,  on  account  of  his  eminence  aa 
bovine  practitioner  and  teacher  of  obstetrics,  was  selected 
by  Prof.  Dr.  Frohner  and  Prof.  Dr.  Bayer  (Berlin  and 
Vienna),  to  discuss  bovine  obstetrics  both  practically  and 
scientifically. 

6.  The  only  work  containing  a  thorough  differential  diag- 
nosis of  ante  and  poet  partum  diseases. 

7.  The  only  work  doing  justice  to  modern  obstetrical 
surgery  and  therapeutics. 

8.  Written  by  a  man  whose  practical  suggestions  revolu- 
tionized the  teaching  of  veterinary  obstetric*  even  in  tho 
great  schools  of  Europe. 

9.  The  only  work  dealing  fully  with  the  now  no  longer- 
obscure  contagious  and  infectious  diseases  of  calves. 

10.  Absolutely  original  and  no  compilation. 

11.  The  only  work  dealing  fully  with  the  difficult  problem, 
of  teaching  obstetrics  in  the  colleges. 

12.  The  only  work  where  the  practical  part  is  not  over- 
shadowed by  theory. 

...  A  veterinarian,  particularly  if  his  location  brings  him  in 
contact  with  obstetrical  practice,  who  makes  any  pretence  toward 
being  scientific  and  in  possession  of  modern  knowledge  upon  this 
subject,  will  not  be  without  this  excellent  work,  as  it  is  really  a  very 
val  uable  treatise.—  Prof.  Boitoe  B.  Bell,  in  the  American  Veterinary 
Review. 

In  translating  into  English  Professor  De  Bruin's  excellent  text- 
book on  Bovine  Obstetrics,  Dr.  Wyman  has  laid  British  and  American 
veterinary  surgeons  and  students  under  a  debt  of  gratitude.  The- 
works  represents  the  happy  medium  between  the  booklets  which  are 
adapted  for  cramming  purposes  by  the  student,  and  the  ponderous 
tomes  which,  although  useful  to  the  teacher,  are  not  exactly  suited  to 
the  requirements  of  the  everyday  practitioner  .  .  .  We  can  strongly 
recommend  the  work  to  veterinary  students  and  practitioners.— The 
Journal  of  Comparative  Pathology  and  Therapeutics. 

DOLLAR.  C*i"  Diseases  of  Cattle,  Sheep,  Goats  anfl 
Swine."  Bv  G.  Moussu  and  Jno.  A.  W.  Dollar, 
M.Ii.C.V.S.  "Size  6x9  1-2,  7*5  pages,  329  Illustrations 
in  the  text  and  4  full  page  plates 8  7& 

—  (f)"A  Hand-book  of  Horse-Shoeing,"  with  Introductory 
chapters  on  the  anatomy  and  physiology  of  the 
horse's  foot.  By  Jno.  A.  W.  Dollar,  M.R.C.V.S., 
with  the  collaboration  of  Albert  Wheatley,  F.E.C.V.S. 
Cloth,  size  6x8  1-2,  433  pages,  406  illustrations  .  .4  7& 


DOLLAR  (continued) 

—  (f) "OperatlTC  Technique."      Volume  1  of  "The  Practice  of 

Veterinary  Surgery."  cloth,  size  G  3-1  x  10,  264 pages, 
272  illustrations. 3  75 

—  ''General  Surgery."     Volume  2  of  "The  Practice  of  Veter- 

inary Burgery."    In  preparation. 

—  (t)"  Regional  Veterinary  Surgery."     Volume  3  of  "The 

Practice  of  Veterinary  Burgery."  By  Drs.  Jno.  A. 
W  Dollar  and  H.  Mf.l'lor.  Cloth,  size  G  1-2  x  10  853 
and  xvi  pages,  315  illustrations 6  25 

—  "Cadiot's  Clinical  Veterinary  Medicine  and  Surgery." 

See  "  Cadiot." 

—  "  Cadiot's  Roaring  in  Horses."    See  "  Cadiot." 

DUN.    (*)  "Veterinary  Medicines,  their  Actions  and  Uses." 

By  Flnlay  Dun,  V.S.,  late  lecturer  on  Materia 
Medlca  and  Dietetics  at  the  Edinburgh  Veterinary 
College,  and  Examiner  in  Chemistry  to  the  Boyal 
College  of  Veterinary  Surgeons.  Edited  by  James 
Macqueen,  F.R.C.V.S.,  and  Harold  A.  Woodruff, 
M.R.C.V.S.  Twelfth  English  edition.  Cloth,  size 
6x9 3  75 

FLEMING.  "  The  Contagious  Diseases  of  Animals."  Their 
influence  on  the  wealth  aud  health  of  nations  and  how 
they  are  to  be  combated.  Paper,  size  5x7  1-2, 
30  pages 25 

—  "Parasites  and  Parasitic  Diseases  of  the  Domesticated 

Animals."    See  "  Neumann." 

—  "Operative  Veterinary  Surgery."     Vol.    I,    by  Dr.  Geo. 

Fleming,  M.R.C.V.S.  This  valuable  work,  one  of  the 
most  practical  treatises  yet  issued  on  the  subject  in 
the  English  language, is  devoted  to  the  common  opera- 
tions of  Veterinary  Surgery ;  and  the  concise  descrip- 
tions and  directions  of  the  text  are  Illustrated  with 
numerous  wood  engravings.     Cloth,  size  G  x  9  1-4,  285 

and  xviii  pages,  343  illustrations 2  75 

(*)Vol.  II,  edited  and  passed  through  the  press  by 
W.  Owen  Williams,  F.R.C.V.S.  Cloth,  size  6x9  1-4, 
430  and  xxxvii  pages,  344  illustrations 3  25 

—  "  Roaring     in     Horses."         By    Dr.     George      Fleming, 

F.R  C.V.S.  Its  history,  nature,  cavises,  prevention 
and  treatment.  Cloth,  size  5  1-2x8  3-4,  160  pages,  21 
engravings,  1  colored  plate 1  50 

—  "Veterinary  Obstetrics."    Including  the  Accidents  and  Dis- 

eases incident  to  Pregnancy,  Parturition,  and  the  Early 
Age  in  Domesticated  Animals.  By  Geo.  Fleming, 
F.R.C.V.S.    Cloth,  size  6x8  3-4,  758  pages,  illua.6  25 


GOTTHIEL.     ff)  "A    Manual    of    General     Histology." 

By  Wm.  S.  Gottheil,  Al  D.,  Professor  of  Pathology  in 
the  American  Veterinary  College,  New  York;  etc.,  etc. 
Histology  is  the  basis  of  the  physician's  art,  as 
Anatomy  is  the  foundation  of  the  surgeon's  science. 
The  subject  i-i  presented  in  an  accessible  and  simple- 
form.  Second  edition  revised.  Cloth,  size  5  1-2  x  8, 
152  pages,  68  illustrations 1  CO 

ORES  SWELL.    "Diseases  and  Disorders  of  the  Horse." 

A  Treatise  on  Equine  Medicine  and  Surgery,  being  » 
contribution  to  the  science  of  comparative  pathology. 
By  Albert,  Jas.  B.  and  Geo.  Gresswell.  Cloth,  size* 
5  3-4x8  3  4,  227  pages,  illustrated.   1  75 

—  "  The  Bovine   Prescriher."    For  the  use  of  Veterinarians 

and  Veterinary  Students.  Second  edition,  revised 
and  enlarged,  bv  James  B.  and  Albert  Gresswell, 
M.R.C.V.S.     Cloth,  size.  5  x  7  1-2,  102  pages 75 

—  "The  Equine  Hospital  Prescriher."    For  the  use  of  Veter- 

inary Practitioners  and  Students.  Third  edition  re- 
vised and  enlarged,  by  Drs.  James  B.  and  Albert 
Gresswell,  M.R.C.V.S.  Cloth,  size  5x7  1-2,  165 
pages 75 

—  Manual  of  "The  Theory  and  Practice  of  Equine  Medicine.'* 

By  James  B.  Gresswell,  F.R.C.V.S.,  and  Albert 
Gresswell,  M.R.C.V.S.  Second  edition  revised. 
Cloth,  size  5  1-4x7  1-2,  539  pages 2  75 

—  (t)  "Veterinary  Pharmacopeia  and  Manual  of  Comparative 

Therapy."  By  George  and  Charles  Gresswell,  with 
descriptions  and  physiological  actions  of  medicines, 
by  Albert  Gresswell.  Second  edition  revised  and 
enlarged.     Cloth,  6x8  3-4,  457  pages 3  60' 

HASSLOCH.     "  A  Compend  of  Veterinary  Materia  Medica 

and  Therapeutics."  By  A.  C.  Hassloch,  V.S.„ 
Lecturer  on  Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics,  and' 
Professor  of  Veterinary  Dentistry  at  the  New  York 
College  of  Veterinarv  Surgeons  and  School  of  Compa- 
rative Medicine,  N.  Y.  Cloth,  size  5  1-4x7  1-2,  225 
pages 1  50* 

HEATLEY.  "  The  Stock  Owner's  Guide."  A  handy  Medi- 
cal Treatise  for  ev^ry  man  who  owns  an  ox  or  cow. 
Bv  Geonre  S.  Heatley,  M.R.C.V.S.  Cloth,  size 
5  1-4  x  8,  172  pages 1  25 

HILL,  ft)"  The  Diseases  of  the  Cat."  Bv  J.  Woodroffe 
Hill,  F.K.C.V.S.     Cloth,  size  5  1-4x7  1-2,  123  pages, 

illustrated 1  25 

Written  from  the  experience  of  many  years'  prac- 
tice and  close  pathological  research. 

—  "The    Management    and    Diseases    of  the    Dog."     By  J. 

Woodroffe  Hill,  F.R.C.V.S.  Cloth,  size  5x7  1-2; 
extra  fully  illustrated. 


HIXEBAUCn.  "Veterinary  Dental  Surgery."  ByT.  D. 
Hlnebauoh,  M.S.V.S.  For  the  use  of  Students,  Prac- 
titioners and  Stockmen.  Cloth,  size  5  1-4  x  8,  256 
pages,  Illustrated. 

HOARE.  (*)"A  Manual  of  Veterinary  Therapeutics  and 
Pharmacology."  By  E.  Wallis  Hoare,  P.E.O.V.S. 
Cloth,  size  5  1-4  x  7  1-1,  xxvi  plus  780  pages 4  75 

HOBDAY.  (t)"The  Castration  of  Cryptorcliid  Horses  and 
tiie  Ovariotomy  of  Troublesome  Mares."  By 
Frederick  T.  G.  Hobday,  F.R  C.V.S.  Cloth,  size 
5  3-4  x  8  3-4,  KG  pages,  34  illustrations 1  75 

HUNTING.  (\)  The  Art  of  Horse-shoeing.  A  manual 
for  Horseshoers.  By  William  Hunting,  F.R.C.V.S., 
ex-President  of  the  Royal  College  of  Veterinary  Sur- 
geons. One  of  the  most  up-to-date,  concise  books  of 
its  kind  in  the  English  language.  Cloth,  sizo6x91-4. 
126  pages,  96  illustrations 1  00 

JENKINS.     (*) "  Anatomical  and  Physiological  Model  of 

the  Cow."  Half  life  size.  Composed  of  superposed 
plates,  colored  to  nature,  showing  internal  organs, 
muscles,  skeleton,  etc.,  mounted  on  strong  boards, 
with  explanatory  text.  Size  of  Model  opened, 
10  ft.  x  3  ft.,  closed  3  ft.  x  H  ft 10  00 


"Anatomical  and  Physiological   Model    of  the   Horse." 

Half  life  size.     Size  of  Model  38  x  41  in 12  00 

Anatomical  and  Physiological  Models.  Colored  to  Nature, 
With  explanatory  Charts.  Opened,  22in.  x  26  1-2  in. ; 
closed,  11  in.  x  26  1-2  in. 

Horse,  384  parts 2  00 

Cow,  393  parts 2  fO 

Sheep,  364  parts 2  00 

Dog,  3G4  parts 2  00 

Pig,  in  preparation. 

All  live  models  ordered  at  one  time,  prepaid 8  75 

With  each  model  and  chart  a  descriptive  book  of 
the  animal  is  supplied  free.  These  books  when  sold 
separately  are  2oc.  each. 

These  models  are  not  only  of  the  utmost  value  to 
veterinarians,  but  every  lecturer,  student,  owner  of  a 
dairy,  will  be  amazed  at  the  resultant  value  and  con- 
venience to  him  of  a  thing  of  the  sort  hanging  for 
ready  reference  on  the  wall  of  his  room  or  office.  For 
clearness  the  model  at  once  surpasses  books  and 
atlase*. 


JOITES.      (V'The   Surgical   Anatomy    of   the    Horse." 

By  Jno.  T.  Share  Jones,  M.R.C.V.S.  Parts  I,  II  and 
III  ready.  To  be  completed  in  four  parts.  Each 
part— paper,  $4.25 ;  cloth,  $5.00. 

JORDAN.  (•)  "The  Gait  of  the  American  Trotter  and 
Pacer."  By  Rudolf  Jordan,  Jr.  Size  6  1-4  x  9  1-2, 
xii  plus  324  pages,  217  illustrations,  including  11  full 

page,  and  frontispiece  in  color 3  50 

Every  lover  of  the  harness  horse  should  read  this 
book.  The  most  notable  study  of  the  trotting  and 
pacing  gaits  ever  published.  It  clears  up  the  question 
of  balance  by  a  simple  inquiry  into  cause  and  effect. 
It  gives  an  exact  analysis  of  the  motion,  action  and 
extension  of  the  two  gaits,  and  with  numerous  illus- 
trations points  the  way  to  the  proper  adjustment  of 
hoof  and  shoe  for  a  square  gait.  It  sets  forth  many 
important  facts  by  a  new  and  practical  method  of 
fixing  the  origin  of  a  faulty  gait.  Its  investigations 
for  the  rational  development  of  speed  by  means  of  a 
corrected  gait  make  it  a  valuable  aid  to  every  owner 
and  trainer. 
A  Classic— Cliicago  Horseman. 

M.OBERT.  "Practical  Toxicology  -  for  Physicians  and 
Students  "  By  Professor  Dr.  Rudolph  Robert, 
Medical  Director  of  Dr.  Brehmer's  Sanitarium  for 
Pulmonary  Diseases  at  Goerbersdorf  in  Silesia  (Prus- 
sia), late  Director  of  the  Pharmacological  Institute, 
Dorpat,  Russia.  Translated  and  edited  by  L.  H. 
Friedburg,  Ph.D.  Authorized  Edition.  Practical 
knowledge  by  means  of  tables  which  occupy  little 
space,  but  show  at  a  glance  similarities  and  differ- 
ences between  poisons  of  the  same  group.  Also  rules 
for  the  Spelling  and  Pronunciation  of  Chemical  Terms, 
as  adopted  by  the  American  Association  for  the  Ad- 
vancement of  Science.    Cloth,  6  1-2  x  10,  201  pp.. 2  50 

KOCH.  ".Etiology  of  Tuberculosis."  By  Dr.  R.  Koch. 
Translated  by  T.  Saure.  Cloth,  size  6x9  1-4,  97 
pages 1  00 

LAW.  "Farmers'  Veterinary  Adviser."  A  Guide  to  the 
Prevention  and  Treatment  of  Disease  in  Domestic 
Animals.  By  Prof.  James  Law.  Cloth,  size 
5  1-4x7  1-2,  illustrated 3  00 

LIAUTARD.  (f)" Animal  Castration."  A  concise  and 
practical  Treatise  on  the  Castration  of  the  Domestic 
Animals.  The  only  work  on  the  subject  in  the 
English  language.  By  Alexander  Liautard,  M.D.,V.S. 
Having  a  fine  portrait  of  the  author.  Tenth  edition 
revised  and  enlarged.  Cloth,  size  5  1-4x7  1-2,  165 
pages,  45  Illustrations 2  00 

.  .  .  The  most  complete  and  comprehensive  work  on  the 
subject  in  English  veterinary  literature.— American  Agri- 
culturist. 


LIAUTARD  (continued). 

—  "Cadiot's  Exercises  in  Equine  Surgery."     Translated  by 
Prof.  Bitting  and  edited  by  Dr.  Liautard. 
See  "  Cadiot." 


% 


"A  Trentise  on  Surgical  Therapeutics  of  the  Domestic 
Animals."  By  Prof.  Dr.  P.  J.  Cadiot  and  J.  Almy. 
Translated  by  Prof.  Liautard.     See  "  Cadiot." 


—  "  How  to  Tell   the   Age   of  the  Domestic  Animal."    By 

Dr.  A.  Liautard,  M.D.,  V.S.  Standard  work  upon 
this  subject,  concise,  helpful  and  containing  many 
illustrations.  Cloth,  size  5x7  1-2,  35  pages,  42 
illustrations 50 

—  "Lameness  of  Horses  and  Diseases  of  the    Locomotor/ 

Apparatus."  By  A.  Liautard,  M.D., V.S.  This  work 
is  the  result  of  Dr.  Liautard's  many  years  of  experi- 
ence.   Cloth,  size  5  1-4x7  1-2,  314  pages 2  50 

—  (*)" Manual   of  Operative  Veterinary  Surgery"     By   A. 

Liautard,  M.D.,  V.M.  Engaged  for  years  in  the  work 
of  teaching  this  special  department  of  veterinary 
medicine,  and  having  abundant  opportunities  of 
realizing  the  difficulties  which  the  student  who 
earnestly  stiives  to  peifect  himself  in  his  calling  is 
obliged  to  encounter,  the  author  formed  the  deter- 
mination to  facilitate  his  acquisition  of  knowledge, 
and  began  the  accumulation  of  material  by  the  com- 
pilation of  data  and  arrangement  of  memorandum, 
with  the  recorded  notes  of  his  own  experience,  the 
fruit  of  a  long  and  extended  practice  and  a  careful 
study  of  the  various  authorities  who  have  illustrated 
and  or^nnized  veterinary  literature.  Revised  edition, 
with  complete  index.  Cloth,  size  6  1-4  x  9,  xxx  and  803 
pages,  5D3  illustrations 5  00 

—  "Pellcrin's    Median    Neurotomy    in    the   Treatment   of 

Chronic  Tendinitis  and  Periostosis  of  the  Fetlock." 

Translated  by  Dr.  A.  Liautard.     See  "  Pellerm." 

—  "Vade  Mecum   of  Equine   Anatomy."     Br  A..  Liautard. 

M.D.V.S.  For  the  use  of  advanced  stu  ients  and 
veterinary  Burgeons.  Third  edition.  Cloth,  size 
5x7  1-2,  30  pages  and  10  full  page  illustrations  of 
the  arteries l    2  00 

—  Zundel's  **  The  Horse's  Foot  and  Its  Diseases." 

See  "  Zundel." 


JLOXG.     "Book   of    the     Pig."    Its     selection,     Breeding, 
Feeding  and  Management.    Cloth 4 .  00 


LOWE.        ft)"  Breeding     Racehorses      by     the     Figure 

System."  Compiled  by  the  late  C.  Bruce  Lowe. 
Edited  by  William  Allison,  "  The  Special  Commis- 
sioner," London  Sportsman,  Hon.  Secretary  Sporting 
League,  and  Manager  of  the  International  Horse- 
Agency  and  Exchange.  With  numerous  fine  illustra- 
tions of  celebrated  horses.  Cloth,  size  8  x  10,  '262; 
pages • 7  60 

LUDLOW.  "Science  in  the  Stable";  or  How  a  Horse 
can  be  Kept  in  Perfect  Health  and  be  Used  Without 
Shoes,  in  Harness  or  under  the  Saddle.  With  the 
Reason  Why.  Second  Edition.  By  Jacob  B.  Ludlow, 
M.D.  Late  Stuff  Surgeon,  U.  S.  Army.  Paper,  size 
4  1-2x5  3-4,  166  pages SO 

LUPTON.  "Horses:  Sound  and  Unsound,"  with 
Law  relating  to  Sales  and  Warranty.  By  J.  Irvine 
Lupton,  F.K.C.VS.  Cloth,  size  6  3-4  x  7  1-2,  217 
pages,  28  illustrations 1  2& 

M'FADYEAN.  (f)  "  Anatomy  of  the  Horse."  Second 
edition  completely  revised.  A  Dissection  Guide. 
By  John  M'Fadyean,   M.B.,  B.So.,  F.B.S.E.      Cloth, 

size  6x8  34,  388  pages,  illustrated 6  50' 

This  book  is  intended  for  Veterinary  students,  and 
offers  to  them  in  its  48  full-page  colored  plates,. 
54  illustrations  and  excellent  text,  a  valuable  and 
practical  aid  in  the  study  of  Veterinary  Anatomy, 
especially  in  the  dissecting  room. 

—  •'  Comparative  Anatomy  of  the   Domesticated  Animals." 

By  J.  M'Fadyean.     Profusely  illustrated,  and  to  be 

issued  in  two  parts. 

Part  I— Osteology,   ready.      Size  5  1-2x8  1-2,  166 

pages,  132  illustrations.     Paper,  2  50;  cloth 2  76 

(Part  II  in  preparation.) 

MAGNER.    "Standard    Horse    and   Stock   Book."      By 

D.  Magner.  Comprising  over  1,000  pages,  illustrated 
with  1756  engravings.     Leather  binding. 6  10- 

MILLS.    "How  to    Keep     a    Dog     in     the    City."     By 

Wesley  Mills,  M.D.,  D.V.S.  It  tells  how  to  choose, 
manage,  house,  feed,  educate  the  pup,  how  to  keep  him 
clean  and  teach  him  cleanliness.  Paper,  size  5x7  1-2, 
40  pages 25 

MOHLER.  ''Handbook  of  Meat  Inspection."  By  Robert 
Ostertag,  M.D.  Translated  by  Earley  Vernon 
Wilcox,  A.M.,  Ph.D.  With  an  introduction  by 
John  R.  Mohler,  V.M.D.,  A  M.     See  "  Ostertag." 

MOLLER  —  DOLLAR.        (f)  "Regional        Veterinary 

Surgery."     See  il  Dollar." 


MOSSELMA S-L1EXAUX.  "Manual  of  Veterinary 
Microbiology*"  By  Professors  Mosselman  and 
Lienaux,  Nat.  Veterinary  College,  Cureghein,  Belgium. 
Translated  and  edited  by  K.  R.  Dinwiddie,  Professor 
of  Veterinary  Srience, College  of  Agriculture,  Arkansas 
Smte  University.  Cloth,  size  5  12x8,  342  pages, 
illustrated 2  00 

MOUSSU.  (">"  Diseases  of  Cattle,  Sheep,  Goats  and 
Swine."     See  "  Dollar." 

NEUMAXX.  (*)"A  Treatise  on  Parasites  and  Parasitic 
Diseases  of  the  Domesticated  Animals."  A  work 
to  which  the  students  of  human  or  veterinary  medi- 
ciue,  the  sanitarian,  agriculturist  or  breeder  or  rearer 
of  animals,  may  refer  for  full  information  regarding 
the  external  and  Internal  Parasites — vegetable  and 
animal — which  attack  various  species  of  Domestic 
Animals.  A  Treatise  by  L.  G.  Neumann,  Professor 
at  the  National  Veterinary  School  of  Toulouse. 
Translated  and  edited  by  Geo.  Fleming,  C.B.,  LL.D., 
F.R  C.V.S.  Second  edition,  revised  and  edited  by 
James  Macqu^en,  F.R.C.V.S.,  Professor  at  the  Royal 
Veterinary  College,  London.  Cloth,  size  6  3  4  x  10, 
xvi  +  698  pages,  365  illustrations 6  75 

KOCARD.  "  The  Animal  Tuberculoses,  and  their  Relation 
to  Human  Tuberculosis"  By  Ed.  Nocard,  Prof,  of  the 
Alfort  Veterinary  College.  Translated  by  H.  Scurfield, 
M.D.  Ed.,  Ph.  Camb.  Cloth,  5  x  7  1-?,  143  pages..  1  00 
Perhaps  the  chief  interest  to  doctors  of  human 
medicine  in  Professor  Nocard's  book  lies  in  the 
demonstration  of  the  small  part  played  by  heredity, 
and  the  great  part  played  by  contagion  in  the  propa- 
gation of  bovine  tuberculosis. 

NUNX.  (*)'"  Veterinary  Toxicology. "  By  Joshua  A.  Nunn, 
F.R  C.V.S.  The  study  of  toxicology  is  intimately 
blende  1  with  other  biological  sciences,  particularly 
physiology  and  chemistry,  both  of  which  it  on  many 
occasions  overlaps.  A  carefully  arranged  and  com- 
plete index  is  eiven  in  the  front  of  the  volume. 
Cloth,  size  6xS3-4,  vii  +  191  pages 1  75 

OSTERTAG.  (')  "  Handbook  of  Meat  Inspection."  [By 
Robert  Oatertag,  M  D.  Authoiized  Translation  iby 
Earlev  Vernon  Wilcox.  A.M.,  Ph.D.  With  an  intro- 
duction by  John  R.  Mohler.  V.M.D.,  A.M.  The  work 
is  exhaustive  and  authorative  and  has  at  once  become 
the  standard  authority  upon  the  subject  Second 
edition,  revised.  Cloth,  size  6  3-4x9  3-4,  920  pages, 
26u  illustrations  and  1  colored  plate 7  60 


PALLIN.    (f)  "  A  Treatise  on  Epizootic  Lymphangitis."  By 

Capt.  W.  A.  Pallin,  F.R.C.V.S.  In  this  work  the 
author  has  endeavored  to  combine  his  own  experience 
with  that  of  other  writers  and  so  attempts  to  give  a 
clear  and  complete  account  of  a  subject  about  which 
there  is  little  at  present  in  English  veterinary  litera- 
ture. Cloth,  size  5  3-4x8  1-2,  90  pages,  with  17  fine 
full  page  illustrations 1  25 

PEGLER.  "  Goat  Keeping  for  Amateurs."  Paper,  5x7£, 
77  pages,  illustrated 50 

PELJLERIN.  "Median  Neurotomy  in  the  Treatment 
of  Chronic  Tendinitis  and  Periostosis  of  the  Fetlock." 

By  C.  Pellerin,  late  repetitor  of  Clinic  and  Surgery  to 
the  Alfort  Veterinary  School.  Translated,  with  Addi- 
tional Facts  Relating  to  It,  by  Prof.  A.  Liautard,  M.D., 
V.M.  Having  rendered  good  results  when  performed 
by  himself,  the  author  believes  the  operation,  which 
consists  in  dividing  the  cubito-plantar  nerve  and  in 
excising  a  portion  of  the  peripherical  end,  the  means 
of  improving  the  conditions,  and  consequently  the 
values  of  many  apparently  doomed  animals.  Agricul- 
ture in  particular  will  be  benefited. 

The  work  is  divided  into  two  parts.  The  first  covers 
the  study  of  Median  Neurotomy  itself ;  the  second, 
the  exact  relations  of  the  facts  as  observed  by  the 
author.     Boards,  6x9  1-2,  61  pages,  illustrated.  .1  00 

PETERS.  "  A  Tuberculous  Herd— Test  irith  Tuber- 
culin." By  Austin  Peters,  M.  R.  C.  V.  S.,  Chief 
Inspector  of  Cattle  for  the  New  York  State  Board  of 
Health  during  the  winter  of  1892-93.    Pamphlet. . .  .25 

ROBERGE.  "  The  Foot  of  the  Horse,"  or  Lameness 
and  all  Diseases  of  the  Feet  traced  to  an  Unbalanced 
Foot  Bone,  prevented  or  cured  by  balancing  the  foot. 
By  David  Roberge.  Cloth,  size  6x9  1-4,  308  pages, 
illustrated 5  00 

SESSIONS.  (*)"  Cattle  Tuberculosis,"  a  Practical  Guide  to 
the  Agriculturist  and  Inspector.  Bv  Harold  Sessions, 
F.R.C.V.S.,  etc.     Second  edition.     Size  5x7  1-4,  vi  + 

120  pages 1  00 

The  subject  can  be  understood  by  those  who  have 
to  deal  particularly  with  it,  yet  who,  perhaps,  have 
not  had  the  necessary  training  to  appreciate  technical 
phraseology. 

SEWELIj.     "  The   Examination  of  Horses   as  to  Sound- 
ness and  Selection  as  to  Purchase."     By  Edward 
Sewell,  M.R.C.V.S.     Paper,  size  5  1-2x8  1-2,  86  pages, 
illustrated  with  8  plates  in  color 1  50 

It  is  a  great  advantage  to  the  business  man  to 

know  something  of  the  elements  of  law,  and  nobody 
ought  either  to  buy  or  own  a  horse  who  does  not  know 
something  about  the  animal.  That  something  this  book 
gives,  and  gives  in  a  thoroughly  exoellent  way .... 


SMITH.    (*)  "  A  Manual  of  Veterinary    Physiology."     By 

Vet.  Capt.  P.  Smith,  C.M.S.,  M.K.C.VS.,  Examiner  in 
Physiology,  Royal  College  of  Veterinary  Burgeons, 
author  of  "A  Manual  of  Veterinary  Hygiene."  A 
completely  revised  and  enlarged  edition  just  pub- 
lished.    Cloth,  (5  x  S  3-1,  720  pp,  102  illust'ns 4  25 

The    whole    hook     lias    been    carefully    revised    and 

brought  up  to  date.  All  the.  important  advances  of  the 
last  tew  years  have  been  embodied.  The  chapter  on 
the  uervous  system  has  been  specially  revised  by  Prof. 
Sherrington,  whose  remarkable  work  on  the  "spinal 
dog  "has  been  introduced.  A  special  point  is  made 
of  the  bearing  of  physiology  on  pathology,  and  the 
utilization  of  physiology  to  the  better  understanding  of 
even-day  practice.  The  book  is  written  by  a  veterin- 
ary surgeon  for  veterinary  practitioners  and  students, 
and  is  the  only  work  in  the  English  language  which 
can  claim  to  be  purely  veterinary. 

—  (•)"  Manual  of  Veterinary  Hygiene."  Third  edition  revised. 
Cloth,  size  5  1-4x7  1-2,  xx  +  1036  pages,  with  255 
illustrations 4  76 

Recognizing  the  rapid  advance  and  extended  field 
of  the  subject  since  the  previous  issue,  the  author 
has  entirely  re-written  the  work  and  enlarged  its 
scope,  whiah  is  brought  thoroughly  up  to  date.  Con- 
tains over  500  more  pages  than  the  second  edition. 

STRANGEWAY.  (•)" Veterinary  Anatomy."  Edited  by 
I.  Vaughan,  F.L.S.,  M.B.C  V.S.  New  13th  American 
edition  revised.  Cloth,  size  6  1-4x9  1-2,  625  pages, 
224  lllus 5  00 

SUSSDORF.    "  Six  Large  Colored  Wall  Diagrams."    By 

Prof.  Sussdorf,  M.D.  (of  Gottingen).  Text  translated 
by  Prof.  W.  Owen  Williams,  of  the  New  Veterinary 
College,  Edinburgh.     Size,  44  inches  by  30  inches. 

1. — Horse.  4.— Ox. 

2.— Mare.  5.— Boar  and  Sow. 

3.— Cow.                        6.— Dog  and  Biteh. 
The  above  are  printed  in  eight  or  nine  colors. 
Showing  the    position   #f   the    viscera  in  the  large 
cavities  of  the  body. 
Price,  unmounted 1  75  each 

"      mounted  on  linen,  with  roller 3  50    " 

VAN  MATER.  "  A  Text  Book  of  Veterinary  Oph- 
thalmology."  By  George  G.  Van  Mater,  M.D., 
D.V.S.,  Professor  of  Ophthalmology  in  the  American 
Veterinary  College;  Oculist  and  Auristto  St.  Martha's 
Sanitarium  and  Dispensary;  Consulting  Eye  and  Ear 
Surgeon  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Ward  Dispensary ;  Eye 
and  Ear  Surgeon,  Brooklyn  Eastern  District  Dispen- 
sary, etc.  Illustrated  by  one  chromo  lithograph  plate 
and  71  engravings.     Cloth,  6x9  1-4,  151  pages... 3  00 


VETERINARY  DIAGRAMS  in  Tabular  Form. 
Size,  28£  in.  x  22  inches.     Price  per  set  of  five. . .  .4  00 

Mounted  and  folded  in  case 7  tiO 

Mounted  on  roller  and  varnished 10  00 

No.  1.  "The  External  Form  and  Elementary  Ana- 
tomy of  the  Horse."  Eight  colored  illustrations — 
1.  External  regions ;  2.  Skeleton;  3.  Muscles  (Superior 
Layer) ;  4.  Muscles  (Deep  Layer) ;  5.  Respiratory  Ap- 
paratus; 6.  Digestive  Apparatus ;  7.  Circulatory  Ap- 
paratus ;  8.  Nerve  Apparatus ;  with  description. ...  1  25 
Mounted  on  roller  and  varnished 2  25 

No.  2.  "The  Age  of  Domestic  Animals."  Forty-two 
figures  illustrating  the  structure  of  the  teeth,  indicat- 
ing the  Age  of  the  Horse,  Ox,  Sheep,  and  Dog,  with 

full  description 75 

Mounted  on  roller  and  varnished 2  00 

No.  3.    "The  Unsoundness  and  Defects  of  the  Horse." 

Fifty  figures  illustrating — 1.  The  Defects  of  Confor- 
mation ;  2.  Defects  of  Position ;  3.  Infirmities  or  Signs 
of  Disease ;  4.  Unsoundnesses ;  5.  Defects  of  the  Foot ; 

with  full  description 75 

Mounted  on  roller  and  varnished  2  00 

No.  4.    "The  Shoeing-  of  the  Horse,  Male  and  Ox." 

Fifty  figures  descriptive  of  the  Anatomy  and  Physio- 
logy of  the  Foot  and  of  Horse-shoeing 75 

Mounted  on  roller  and  varnished 2  00 

No.  5.  "The  Elementary  Anatomy,  Points,  and  But- 
cher's Joints  of  the  Ox."  Ten  colored  illustrations 
—1.  Skeleton ;  2.  Nervous  System ;  3.  Digestive 
System  (Right  Side) ;  4.  Respiratory  System  ;  5.  Points 
of  a  Fat  Ox ;  6.  Muscular  System ;  7.  Vascular  System ; 
8.  Digestive  System  (Left  Side) ;  9.  Butcher's  Sections 
of  a  Calf ;  10.  Butcher's  Sections  of  an  Ox ;  with  full 

description 1  25 

Mounted  on  roller  a  nd  varnished 2  25 

WALLET.    "  A  Practical  Guide  to  Meat  Inspection."    By 

Thomas  Walley,  M.R.C.V.S.,  late  principal  of  the 
Edinburgh  Royal  (Dick)  Veterinary  College;  Pro- 
fessor of  Veterinary  Medicine  and  Surgery,  etc. 
Fourth  Edition,  thoroughly  revised  snd  enlarged 
by  Stewart  Stockman,  M.R.C.V.S.,  Professor  of 
Pathology,  Lecturer  on  Hygiene  and  Meat  Inspection 
at  Dick  Veterinary  College,  Edinburgh.  Cloth,  size 
5  1-2x8  1-4,  with  45  colored  illus.,  295  pages 3  00 

WILCOX.  (•)'*  Handbook  of  Meat  Inspection."  By  Robert 
Ostertag,  M.D.     See  "  Oslertag." 

WILLIAMS.  (*)  "Principles  and  Practice  of  Veterinary 
Medicine."  By  W.  Williams.  M.R.C.V.K.,  revised  by 
his  son,  W.  O.  Williams,  F.R.C  V.S.,  F.R.S.E.,  etc., 
and  S.  H.  Baldrey,  Major  I.C.V.D..  F.R.C.V.S., 
D.V.H.  (Liv.)  Ninth  edition.  Cloth,  8vo,  1004  pp., 
25  colored  plat  as  and  88  other  Illustrations 7  50 


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